Institutional Discrimination

In the United States, ecesisalized diversity occurs e realday. According to Aguirre and Turner (2010) it is both problematical and complex. Because discrimination base on race is illegal, many a nonher(prenominal) acts of charge discrimination argon in try outis a company, trail, regimen, or former(a) public institution does non formally write them in a policy. Yet case-by-case acts of informal discrimination are so widespread in many communities that discrimination is informally institutionalized even in the face of formal prohibitions (Aguirre and Turner, 2010).Despite, being unwraplawed internally, discrimination still exists. My first example of institutionalized discrimination exists in the public educate system. There is a ample upbringingal gap among urban public schools and suburban public schools, basically, among black-and-blue and minority students. In many states, educational systems fuck off imposed regularise assaying as a requirement for graduatio n from spirited school. I believe that these implementations are a strategic effort to weed out minorities from achieving higher education and decrease the opportunity to move up in social class.Though state educational systems buttnot formally institute discriminatory practices, they can subtly implement requirements such as these testing procedures. As a product of an inner city urban public school, I have experienced this first hand. Guiner and Torres (2009) discussed that a lack of education hinders social mobility, which essentially reinforces racial inequality. From terzetto grade until passing the eleventh grade pop off Level Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills exam, also known as the TAKS test, I was taught how to pass the TAKS test. I wasnt taught the incumbent skills gather uped to be flourishing in college.As a student who took all of the AP classes offered at my school, I was not taught to the level to pass these AP test to test out of college general educati on classes and I wasnt taught on the college level, as the courses are designed for. As a result, upon entering college, although I had taken several AP courses during high school I had earned zero college credit hours. I was also not prepared for college level courses, I was not used to having homework, or test taking outside of the TAKS test, and didnt feel that I possessed the skills necessary to be supremacyful in college.This was true among many of my high school peers many werent able to survive in college and dropped out after a year, some after a semester. As Aguirre and Turner (2010) arrange it The school whitethorn not have intended his to occurindeed, well(p) the oppositebut the very nature of its structure and operation has worked to dissuade students and, in so doing, has subtly and inadvertently discriminated against students (pg. 13) This contributes to racial inequality because statistically blacks are less prepared, and subsequently less successful in college th an whites.A resolve to this form of institutionalized discrimination in schools would be to eliminate similar testing. Too much time is put into passing a test so that the school can have high numbers and not enough time is put into teaching students skills needed for achieving higher education. subsequently talking to many of my white counterparts, I learned that their high schools worn-out(a) little, if any time, teaching its students how to pass the TAKS test they focused on college preparation.Standardized tests are not an accurate depiction of a schools success they unfairly hinder graduation rates and are sending early days adults into society unprepared. In addition to eliminating standardized testing, schools should focus more than on rigorous college level work and teaching time management skills. Because the differences in higher education preparedness is usually among Whites from suburban areas vs. vitriolics and Hispanics from poor urban areas, these solutions wou ld help close the gap. My second example of institutional discrimination is steering. way occurs when realtors steer minorities to neighborhoods where the majority of residents are also minorities. Steering also occurs when realtors distribute to inform customers of properties that meet the customers preferences or specifications. The purpose of this is to subtly segregate those of the very(prenominal) race in the same neighborhood. The combination of growing urban Black populations and higher levels of segregation could only produce one possible consequenthigher levels of Black isolation (Gallagher, 2009).As a result, racially segregated neighborhoods are either really nice, clean, suburban neighborhoods with low crime rates, good schools, foodstuff stores with healthy eating options, and shopping centers or dirty urban neighborhoods with high crime rates, low performing schools, grocery stores with bad produce and degraded food restaurants with unhealthy eating options, and p eople having to go across townspeople to go shopping for essentials. Racial steering not only reinforces racial inequality, it also hinders diversity.Racial steering must be stopped It would be very problematical to find a solution to eliminate racial steering. lodgement acts already exist to eliminate housing discrimination but these laws may need to be expanded. The Fair Housing Act, a subsection of the well-mannered Rights Act of 1968 prohibits discrimination dealing with the sale, rental, or financing of housing based on race, sex, religion, or national origin. (Employment-discrimination. org) Real estate agencies should be mandatory to show customers all housing options that meet their preferences.There should be a national database that provides realtors and real estate clients with all of the properties that meet preferences so that no functional property is left out because the person is of a certain race. My third example of institutional discrimination is redlining. T his is when banks deny or make it more difficult for people to get loans, health care, or insurance because they break down in a certain area. The particular area is usually characterized by a specific race. Those who exercise red lining use blacklists to slip by track of groups or certain areas to use for discriminatory practices.One of the most of the essence(p) solutions to redlining was the Fair Housing Act of 1968 which prohibited redlining that was based on race, sex, religion, gamily status, hindrance or ethnic origin (Wikipedia). To further the impact of this act, I believe it would be important to require banks, insurance companies, and other institutions to keep info regarding their targeting of certain poverty stricken areas or racially dominated areas. This would be something similar to the guidelines of affirmative action, requiring firms to specifically target those of minority groups who are qualified.The qualifications would be based off of past financial credi bility or government programs that assist those who cant afford to pay on their own. every groups of people should have equal introduction to resources. Minorities shouldnt have to pose about getting denied or have less access because of the twist of their skin. In the United States, civil rights laws and cultural beliefs do not excuse discrimination as they once did indeed they demand that all individuals be given equal access to schools, jobs, housing, and other important resources. The United States has been hard to eliminate discrimination for hundreds of years. However, because institutional discrimination is so subtle is difficult to do so completely. Many times institutional discrimination is exercised unconsciously due to the nature in which an institution is set up. Other times, institutional discrimination is very consciously practiced informally. Because of laws that explicitly prohibit discrimination, institutions strategically discriminate against individuals and racial groups by not giving them equal access to resources.This discrimination continues to contribute to racial inequality in education, housing, health care, employment, and other aspects of human life. Not only do basic discrimination laws need to be expanded, but affirmative actions laws need to be expanded as well. A major solution to discrimination is education. Minorities need to be amend themselves about the ways in which they are being denied to access to resources. The pit for equality is not over.