Adidas Marketing Plan Essay Example for Free

Adidas Marketing Plan Essay The acquisition of Adidas by French financier Robert Louis-Dreyfus in 1993 has been the beginning of a big brand name; Adidas has expanded its product line and absorbed other sports-gear makers. It closed a $3. 8 billion acquisition of competitor Reebok International Ltd. Adidas planned maintain the Reebok line and promote it globally along side with the Adidas brand. Adidas during 2006 made a decision to purchase Reebok and though they purchase another shoe company business did not flourish. Adidas had to deal with the fact that the company they acquired was not doing well in the market and a new marketing promotion plan needed to take place to reinvigorate the consumer’s purchase of the product. Adidas has to strengthen there brand and the idea was to build the brand name with sponsorship during the 2008 Beijing Olympics. The sponsorship opportunity in Beijing was a springboard to gain a larger share of the worlds fastest-growing major market and become the marketing leader in China during 2008. The marketing strategy was a blend of action photography and computer graphics. The series was released in phases during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. â€Å"Together in 2008, Impossible is Nothing† is an integrated marketing campaign. Through a combination of TV, print, outdoor, PR, digital, point-of-sale and road shows across the country of China, the campaign provides various platforms enabling consumers to get closer to the athletes and the Olympic Games. The Beijing Olympics is fast approaching and this early, most companies who want to place their ads and endorsements in this monumental event are trying strategically to place themselves and capture a piece of the market. For Adidas, there is a battle at hand and that of which is to give rival company Nike a run for their money. Nike is a known brand in China and surely they have the obvious advantage. Adidas reportedly shelled out 70 million Euros to be an official Olympic sponsor. Adidas gear was also all over Olympians, great for television, the company clothed 27 out of 28 teams. But aside from shoes and uniforms, Adidas was not particularly visible in Olympic venues. It had no special presence on the Olympic Green, but its beautiful flagship store in Sanlitun near the Workers Stadium and Workers Gymnasium saw lots of foot traffic. Its Olympic ad campaign, though beautifully designed and fitting in concept â€Å"Together in 2008, Impossible is Nothing†, came up short in the personnel categories. That campaign had four primary faces, in sports that are very popular in Chinadiver Hu Jia, footballer Zheng Zhi, basketball player Sui Feifei and a few womens volleyball players. Hu pulled out due to injury, Zheng and the mens football team had an embarrassing performance and Sui Feifei was only sixth in scoring on Team China. The womens volleyball team played strong in a very tough field, but in the end only came through with the minimum result acceptable to the hometown fans, a bronze medal. After the Olympics the sales of sports apparel went up in China, sales of premium sportswear in China have rocketed from almost zero a little more than a decade ago to $350 million for Nike and $300 million for Adidas last year and sector was worth $3 billion in total last year and is expected to grow 20 percent in 2009. 09.

The Mortal Deity: Helen and the God-like Trait :: Iliad Greek Gods Greece Essays

The relationship between the gods and mortals of ancient Greece is one of the most interesting topics to analyze. These gods watch over their favorite mortals, meddle in their business, and have love affairs with them. At times selfish and conniving, the gods often appear to be as flawed as the humans who worship them are. There is, however, still a distinct separation between deity and mortal. From the evidence I have seen in The Iliad, I believe that this distinction is based on something I call a god-like trait. If a human reacts towards this trait in the wrong way, and believes he embodies this trait at the level equal or surpassing to that of the gods, tragedy occurs to the human. This mistake in self-recognition will lead to severe consequences unless the mortal repents and accepts his humanity. In The Iliad, Helen makes the mistake of false divinity, and it is her error in associating herself as the paragon of a god-like trait and in refusing to repent that leads t o her ruin. The definition of a god-like trait must first be established before the analysis of Helen’s behavior can be entirely understood. The gods in The Iliad present themselves as having at least one specific trait that they alone can boast of. These gods are the standard for excellence for whatever trait it may be. For example, Zeus was the model of strength, Aphrodite the standard for a beautiful woman, and Apollo the master of archery. For a human to display god-like behavior, the human declares he is the best, conflicting with the premise that the gods are the best at what they do. If the human tries to step beyond his status in his declaration or display, the gods would be offended and severe consequences usually follow. Hubris also plays a large role in god-like behavior, intertwining with it and causing a vicious circle. A god-like trait causes hubris because the mortal thinks that he displays the standard of excellence actually found in the gods. This hubris then would cause the trait to become even more divine and less mortal, leaving the man believing that he is above the gods due to this outstanding trait. Because of the trap this trait creates, it is important to be able to identify it.

Digestion and Food Essay

Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into smaller molecules so they can pass though the intestinal wall into the bloodstream and be transported throughout the body. There are seven different food groups in a balanced diet which should include Carbohydrate, fat, water, protein, fibre, vitamins and minerals. Although most foods contain these in some shape or form the foods that contain most of one type fall into that category, a chicken fillet for example would fall under the protein category because it contains more protein per hundred grams than any other nutrient. This assignment will explain the systems and processes necessary for the digestion of a Beef sandwich and a chicken Tikka Masala with rice. In the digestion of a beef sandwich containing sliced Beef, bread, butter and a chicken Tikka Masala there are different stages of where food is broken down. Enzymes are added at different times to ensure the food is absorbed properly. Digestion technically starts in the brain. Even before food touches your lips the stomach is already preparing for the food about to be ingested. The ingestion process starts with taking food into the mouth (eating and drinking). The purpose of this is so the food can be cut into smaller pieces and saliva is added before it is swallowed. This is where the first enzymes start work. There are two enzymes found in the saliva of the mouth, salivary amylase and lingual lipase. Amylase breaks down dietary carbohydrates such as monosaccharides, disaccharide sugars and complex polysaccharides (starch). Monosaccharide’s can be easily absorbed into the bloodstream so the others need to be broken down into these before they can be absorbed (Derrickson, Tortora 2006 p906). The salivary amylase starts to break down the polysaccharide starch found in the bread of sandwich and the rice in the chicken Tikka meal while it is being chewed. Once the food has been swallowed it slides down the throat which extends into the esophagus. The smooth muscle, mucus and secretions in the esophagus enable the food to slide down easily into the stomach. At the end of the esophagus is the lower esophageal sphincter which connects to the stomach. The stomach is a j-shaped organ where food is mixed with gastric juices secreted by the lining. The gastric juices consist of water, enzymes and hydrochloric acid to kill any harmful bacteria (Parker 2007 p176). The main enzyme in the stomach is called pepsin which specialises in the break down of protein. Gastric pepsin breaks proteins into polypeptides, pancreatic trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase which change the polypeptides into peptides (Lippincott, Williams, Wilkins 2005 p224). The proteins in the beef part of the sandwich and chicken part of the Tikka Masala are broken down by theses enzymes in order to extract the essential amino acids found in the peptides so that they can be easily absorbed in the small intestine where the food moves to after the stomach has done its work. The intestinal mucosal peptidases in the small intestine break the peptides down into amino acids allowing this to happen. As the carbohydrate (rice and bread from the two meals) enters the stomach the salivary amylase is deactivated by the ph level. As the food then enters the duodenum which is the first part of the small intestine, another type of amylase is then added from the pancreas which changes the carbohydrates into simple sugars (Parker 2007). The simple sugars are maltose lactose and sucrose. As these are pasted further into the small intestine ‘the enzymes maltase, lactase and sucrase chop maltose, lactose and sucrose into smaller bits, more easily absorbed, which are eventually converted to glucose and absorbed through the intestinal walls into the bloodstream’ (Collins 2007). Once this has happened the glucose is transported to the liver where it can be where it can be stored or distributed to cells throughout the body (Collins 2007). Fats fall under three categories, saturated (mainly found in animal products); Unsaturated (fish, nuts) and Trans fats which are mainly found in vegetable oils and processed foods made from hydrogenated vegetable fats. Fats or lipids as there also known ‘are diverse compounds that are grouped together because they are insoluble in water, but soluble in nonpolar solvents’ (Bailey 2008). This means lipids take longer to digest than carbohydrates and proteins. The fat content of the two meals comes mainly from the butter of the beef sandwich and the cream of the Masala sauce. The Short chain triglycerides found in these are digested by gastric lipase in the stomach. The majority of fat digestion though is done in the small intestine where pancreatic lipase and bile salts are added. The bile salts emulsify fat into droplets which makes them water soluble allowing them to be absorbed more easily. The pancreatic lipase ‘breaks down fats and phospholipids into a mixture of glycerol, short and long-chain fatty acids, and monoglycerides’ (Lippincott, Williams, Wilkins 2005 p224). Small finger like projections on the small intestine called Villi give it a large surface area making it easy for the absorption allowing the fatty acids and monoglycerides to pass through into the blood stream. Nearly all vital nutrients from food are absorbed in the small intestine and the left over waste that passes into the large intestine afterwards is known as the chyme. The chyme descends through three main regions of the large intestine called the caecum, colon and rectum. During this journey sodium, chloride, and water are absorbed through the lining of the colon into the blood making less watery faeces to be excreted out of the anus.

Ethical Issues of Wrongful Conception - 2854 Words

Students name Course name and number Name of paper Instructors name Date submitted Introduction Most of the issues involved with wrongful conception cases have been adjudicated through the state courts from the 1960s to the present. Almost always they have ruled that parents cannot collect damages for the birth of a normal, healthy child, even as the result of medical malpractice through defective sterilization and contraception procedures or failure to carry out correct genetic testing or fully inform parents of the results. Nor have the courts ruled that the birth of a handicapped child is a life unworthy of living, and instead have argued for judicial restraint in making such legal and moral determinations. Even in the case of the severely handicapped, such as children with Down syndrome, American courts have not ruled that nonexistence would be preferable to living a limited life. On the other hand, the U.S. Supreme Court has recognized that parents can collect personal injury damages as the result the birth of an impaired or unplanned child, at least in the recovery of med ical costs if not all the expenses of rearing the child to adulthood. State courts also allow the recovery of damages for medical expenses, training and treatment for handicapped children born as the result of failed abortion, contraception or sterilization. Due to the Roe v. Wade case of 1973, parents have the right to determine whether a child will be born or not, although recent efforts inShow MoreRelatedAbortion : Is It Morally Acceptable?1640 Words   |  7 PagesDay one, the most important day of any person’s life. The day of conception in which a simple cell becomes a growing human being. Time begins to pass on and the child begins to develop everything they need to survive in the world. In merely a few months the darkness will begin to fade away and the bright light will finally come into view for the child. What was just a simple cell not too long ago has now blossomed into a human being, but is this child technically alive? Is it morally acceptable toRead MoreBill Of Rights : Constitutional Protection Of Individual Liberties783 Words   |  4 Pagesactive in the profession for some time now, there are numerous novel issues and cases here and abroad that I need to brush my skills and knowledge of. Ethical decision in America is of great magnitude especially in balancing care quality and efficiency, improving access to care, sustaining the healthcare workforce, addressing end of life issues and allocation of limited medication and donor organs are a few of the many ethical challenges in healthcare especially for healthcare administrators andRead MoreCan Medical Service be Refused on the Basis of Morality and Ethics?793 Words   |  3 Pagesthe client group. The standards for professional behavior keep drifting higher. Where safety and health are at issue, the regulators are under more pressure to act when professional groups do not act (Strahlendorf, n.d). This notion of professional ethics has really come to the forefront in relation to pharmacists and whether they can refuse to fill prescriptions based on their ethical beliefs. In a case back in 1996, Karen Brauer, a pharmacist in Hamilton, OH. refused to fill a prescription becauseRead MoreAssisted Suicide Should Be Legalized: A Persuasive Essay2485 Words   |  10 PagesSupreme Court has recognized that parents can collect personal injury damages as the result the birth of an impaired or unplanned child, at least in the recovery of medical costs if not all the expenses of rearing the child to adulthood. A related issue is that the U.S. has very high costs and limited access that it has no single-payer system that guarantees universal access to all regardless of income. Indeed, up to 100,000 people in the U.S. die every year because they have no private insuranceRead MoreSame Sex Marriages? by Definition, It Cannot Exist880 Words   |  4 Pages(according to our modern language). Same sex marriages, even though inappropriate, can be solved without upsetting both sides of the scale. Many same sex marriage supporters argue, Why does every legal and political issue always have to be complicated by making it a moral and ethical question? If there were no morals or ethics in government, society as we know it could not exist. It is unthinkable how someone can make this point. If these people had some logic and thoughtfulness in their mindsRead MoreActions for Wrongful Birth and Wrongful Conception3277 Words   |  14 Pagesfor wrongful birth and wrongful conception Actions for wrongful birth and wrongful conception frequently raise moral, ethical and philosophical issues. Legal judgments have often been contradictory and on occasions have arrived at their conclusions without addressing all the pertinent issues. Actions for wrongful conception or wrongful birth are variants of clinical liability and negligence. The initiative to bring an action lies with the parents. This is different for actions for wrongful lifeRead MoreSummary and Critique of Don Maquis- Anti-Abortion Argument2015 Words   |  9 Pagesmoral consequence. The conflicting issue being weather or not a fetus falls under the category of a morally applicable ‘sentient being’ and this, in turn, is what Marquis sets out to confirm in order to create a solid case for the ‘anti-abortion’ approach. He accepts that logically if either of these arguments are to be convincing it needs to extend beyond normal social moralities. For instance an anti-abortion argument cannot simply rely on the age old conception that It is always prima facie seriouslyRead MoreEthical Implications of Abortion2898 Words   |  12 Pagesestablished the foundation for abortion rights within the United States stating that laws banning abortionâ€Å"violate a constitutional right to privacy† (ACLU, 1996, p.1). This case was opposed by many who thought that the fetus was infact a person from conception and therefore has the right to life, but ultimately this viewpoint was overruled in favor of the â€Å"pro-abortion† side. The Supreme Court ruled that the decision to legailze abortion is â€Å"necessary to preserve womens equality and personal freedom†Read MoreEssay on Evaluating the Current Law on Abortion3636 Words   |  15 Pages252) Medical definition is the removal or expulsion of the products of conception before, but after, the foetus is ‘viable’ (Butterworths Medical dictionary 2nd edn 1978) However, most people are referring to the medical termination of pregnancy when they talk about abortion. It is apparent that abortion is a medical procedure, but I intend to, in general look at the legal and ethical aspects of abortion. Abortion used to be a crime and in Ireland and some otherRead MoreTorts study notes Essay17110 Words   |  69 Pagesarticle was *1807 caustic in its reference to â€Å"journals [that] cultivate the idiom of cost-spreading . . . and cost-avoidance.†43 Epstein’s first article, which appeared a year after Fletcher’s, was eager to show how a proper moral analysis of tort issues â€Å"stands in sharp opposition to . . . economic theory.†44    Among more recent writers, Richard Wright finds that economics is of no value whatsoever in explaining the common law of torts;45 moreover, Wright indicates that the moral appeal of the

Not Doctor Street By Toni Morrison Essay - 1052 Words

Names are a contributing factor to establishing a sense of self. So whether we run away from them or adopt their expectations, how we identify is strongly influenced by our names. Toni Morrison s Song of Solomon demonstrates how culture and names are used to shape identity. The story of Not Doctor Street shows the failure to completely oppress the black community, however, accomplishments for the community are overshadowed by the discord amongst black culture. Opening up with the story of Not Doctor Street sets up the tone of the prevalent dilemma within one’s own race, the struggle to understand heritage and culture, and the real possibility to abandon that culture to comply with oppressors. Macon Dead accepts his renaming resulting in a new identity. He no longer has any connections to his culture, but rather submits to forgetting his history. These values are then passed on from generation to generation. Patriarchs sacrifice their own identity and culture setting an example for future generations, such as Milkman, reshaping their values. The struggle of black males finding liberation are transferred through their misogynistic and greedy lifestyle. The want to liberate from social tyranny is present, but the characters are too absorbed in these assigned identities to find independence. The results are for characters to take great leaps of flight and abandoning everything, even their false identity that is linked with their assigned names, in order to be free fromShow MoreRelated Essay on Names in Song of Solomon1485 Words   |  6 PagesThe Importance of Names in Song of Solomon      Ã‚   Abstract:   In Toni Morrisons Song of Solomon, names have great implication.   Language is extremely personal and deeply rooted in culture.   Names are an integral part of language, and they help to establish identity, define personality, and show ownership through formal and informal usage.    Tis but thy name that is my enemy; / Thou art thyself, though not a Montague. / Whats Montague? it is nor hand, nor foot, / Nor arm, nor faceRead More Essay on Song of Solomon: The Names of a Society1164 Words   |  5 PagesSong of Solomon: The Names of a Society    Think of a time when the black society was still getting used to the word freedom and the white society hated the thought of it. The book Song of Solomon, written by Toni Morrison in 1977, takes place in Michigan on the shores of Lake Superior. The book emphasizes the racial and social tensions between blacks and whites between the 1930s and the 1960s. The Dead family goes through many phases of self-discovery throughout the story. In an effort to hideRead More Essay on Minorities in Song of Solomon1028 Words   |  5 Pagesstudy about minorities, the groups that are differing from the dominant culture are seen as homogeneous. But, if we look deeper into the groups, we can see that there are distinctions among the minorities concerning lifestyle and social status. In Toni Morrisons Song of Solomon the author provides examples in the background of the story that shows people with differential identities of the general identity of the minority group.    The character Macon Dead and his family is represented asRead More Transformation in Song of Solomon by Toni Morrison Essay2042 Words   |  9 Pages  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Song of Solomon by Toni Morrison, the relationships between whites and blacks are a main theme. Throughout the whole novel Morrison adds her own opinions toward the race problems that the characters of Not Doctor Street experience. Poverty is another big issue in the novel and many of the main characters struggle financially. Money becomes a means of escape for many of the characters, especially Milkman and Guitar. For both men their quests for gold leaves them empty handed, but theirRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Song Of Solomon1412 Words   |  6 PagesIn Toni Morrison’s award-winning novel â€Å"Song of Solomon,† she fills the novel with deep symbolism. Macon Dead III, nicknamed â€Å"Milkman,† is a symbolic character throughout the novel. Not only is he as a character symbolic, but his name is as well. Milkman’s aunt, Pilate, has a significant and symbolic role in the no vel. To her father, she represents the child who killed her own mother and took away his wife. In the Bible, PontiusRead More`` Like Water For Chocolate And The Bluest Eye ``1696 Words   |  7 PagesLaura Esquivel and Toni Morrison portray the limitations that are placed on young women as a result of expectations of the female’s role of what it is to be a woman of a particular race in family or society, through their enthralling novels, Like Water for Chocolate and The Bluest Eye. The role of being a woman is heavily suppressed upon females in our society and this concept is analysed in different notions of two very different women with different personal worlds and self values. The idea ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Song Of Solomon 1213 Words   |  5 PagesVictoria Sirianni Ms. Thompson AP ELA 4 21 July 2015 Song of Solomon Producing the plot with a vivid image and motive allowed Toni Morrison to incorporate numerous literary works to enhance the allusions in the story. These specific allusions gave readers a more accurate understanding of certain aspects of the book. As well as this, readers are capable of searching beyond just the surface of what the words say. The common useRead More Definitions of Self in Community in Morrisons Sula and Song of Solomon6961 Words   |  28 Pagesto make room for the Medallion City Golf Course, there once was a neighborhood (Sula 1). Toni Morrison begins the novel Sula with these powerful words, describing more than a physical place, but a spiritual place where a community once stood. She begins with the destruction of the community, ultimately beginning at the end because her novel traces the history of this community. In Song of Solomon. Morrison takes the opposite path. She traces the history of self that ultimately ends in a type ofRead More Essay on Identi ty in Song of Solomon2147 Words   |  9 Pagesdecision Toni Morrison has apparently left to her readers. Never the less, no matter what you believe, within Song of Solomon, the suggestion is, that in order to fly you must go back to the beginning, back to your roots. You must learn the art from the old messages.    O Sugarman done fly away Sugarman done gone Sugarman cut across the sky Sugarman gone home... (6)1    Milkman was born to fly. Perhaps not! Maybe, he was just doomed to a life of flight. Toni Morrison seeminglyRead MoreRelationship Between Mothers and Daughters in Toni Morrisons Recitatif4756 Words   |  20 Pagesand daughters in Toni Morrisons â€Å"Recitatifâ€Å" Karolin Lattisch Brinkstraße 3 17489 Greifswald Lehramt Gym Eng/ Ru 128126 6th semester k.lattisch@yahoo.de Contents 1. Introduction 1 2 4 5 7 10 11 13 14 1.1 The author – Toni Morrison 2. 3. Introducing â€Å"Recitatifâ€Å" Relationship between mothers and daughters 3.1 Relationship between Twyla and her mother 3.2 Relationship between Roberta and her mother 3.3 Role of Maggie 4. Conclusion Sources 1. Introduction Although Toni Morrison is best known for

The Pre-Raphaelite Art of Edward Burne Jones Essay

Like his fellow Pre-Raphaelite artists, Edward Burne-Jones paintings often included an array of mythological subjects, from ancient Greece to the bible. Burne-Jones was extremely interested in mythology from a young age, creating a dream world for himself to compensate for his harsh upbringing at the hands of the strict housekeeper. This fascination with myths, particularly the Arthurian legend, continued for his whole life and Burne-Jones art was reaction against the `moral ugliness of the industrial world he grew up in, where realism had taken over in art. Julia Cartwright wrote in `The Art Annual of 1894 that `the art of Burne-Jones from first to last has been a silent and unconscious protest against the most striking tendencies†¦show more content†¦Burne-Jones has highlighted line, particularly on the figure, which makes the painting almost flat and stationary, giving the painting a still, calm look. Despite the expression in the angels face, he almost looks as if he is suspended, motionless in space. It is painted with limited a palette, using soft, colours which almost illuminate the entire scene and give the impression that the heavens are shining down upon the contemplative scene. The soft colours are easy to the eye, not brash or harsh, emphasising the innocence of Mary and the holy aspects of the scene. The elaborate robes and wing of the angel, and the carvings above the archway are extremely and detailed. Most of Burne-Jones work is full of intricate and decorative features which give richness to the paintings to show the richness and opulence of the story that the paintings aim to convey. Botticelli and Michelangelo worked in very fine detail, which was a great influence to the Pre-Raphaelites. Burne-Jones, as much as he puts detail on to the clothing and stonework, leaves the faces of the angel and Mary flawless, not adding too much detail, which gives them unblemished and perfect complexions. He has waved the possibility of even the slightest blemishes to idealise their beauty. Burne-Jones painting of his wife, Georgiana is less idealised than that of Mary in `The Annunciation. Her eyes are still wide, likeShow MoreRelatedArt Nouveau By Edward Burne Jones From The Pre- Raphaelites And The Japanese Style1889 Words   |  8 PagesArt nouveau is a elegant decorative art style characterized by ornate patterns of curvilinear lines. This period of art somewhat rooted from the a mixture of the Arts and Crafts movement, William Morris, Edward Burne-Jones from the Pre- Raphaelites and the Japanese style. It became popular across Europe and the in United States. Art Nouveau as a style is a beautiful mixture of elaborate Celtic looking patterns, classical elements, flat color and delicate women in nature. This style breaks the traditionalRead More The Pre-Raphaelites Essay3594 Words   |  15 PagesPre-Raphaelites, a group made up of 19th-century English painters, poets, and critics whos work responded towards the practice of Victorian and neoclassical subject ma ter by developing bright imitations of religious work. More specifically, and of the most beautiful are the paintings of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and their followers, bright and clear colours, fair women and themes from myths and legends.(Darkamber 1). The groups source of inspiration came from early Renaissance painters andRead MoreEssay on William Morris841 Words   |  4 Pagesinterior design. William Morris was one of the most influential figures in the Victorian and Edwardian art world. As a young man at Oxford he became involved with the Pre-Raphaelite movements, mixing with such artists as Dante Gabriel Rossetti, William Holman Hunt and Edward Coley Burne-Jones. Always a man of innovation, Morris soon tired of the subject matter and philosophy of the Pre-Raphaelites. His desire for social reform was also an important factor in his artistic growth and he moved on fromRead MoreEssay about William Morris596 Words   |  3 PagesEnglish poet, artist, socialist reformer, and innovator in the Arts and Crafts Movement. He was born in Walthamstow, then a village, and moved to a grand residence there called Water House at the age of 14 - this has since become the William Morris Gallery. He studied at Oxford with the intention of becoming a clergyman, but while there he met Edward Coley Burne-Jones, also studying for the church, and they both began to turn towards art. They were persuaded by Rossetti to give up the studies and becomeRead MoreArt 100 Museum Paper814 Words   |  4 PagesIntro to Art/Art 100 Pre-Raphaelites I visited National Gallery of Art, Washington DC on Friday, March 29, 2013 to see the exhibition â€Å"Pre-Raphaelites: Victorian Art and Design, 1848-1900†. It is the first major survey of the art of the Pre-Raphaelites to be shown in the United States features some 130 paintings, sculptures, works on paper, and decorative art objects. The young members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, formed in 1848, shook the art world of mid-19th-century Britain by rejectingRead MoreLiterary Tendency of Victorian Literature: Special Reference to Lord Alfred Tennyson and Robert Browning3101 Words   |  13 Pagesculture, literature, religion, and society. Many of his essays were collected in Culture and Anarchy (1869). An art movement indicative of this period was the Pre-Raphaelites, which included William Holman Hunt, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Christina Rossetti, and John Everett Millais. Also during this period were the Impressionists, the Realists, and the Fauves, though the Pre-Raphaelites were distinctive for being a completely English movement. Queen Victoria reigned over an immense British Empire,Read MoreEssay on The History Of Arts And Crafts5478 Words   |  22 Pagesfine line of distinction between crafts produced by amateur hobbyists for their personal satisfaction and crafts that in the hands of gifted artisans approach or can be considered art forms, generally made with a view toward the use and enjoyment of others. The difference between hobby-produced crafts and formal decorative art objects lies in the degree of innovation in form and technique and in the intention of the artisan. Crafts can be grouped by technique or medium. Under the headings that follow

Organisational Behaviour Supporting Quality Supervision

Question: Describe about the Organisational Behaviour for Supporting Quality Supervision. Answer: Introduction The essay is about changing in an organization and how the application of the Open Systems Perspective affects the organisational change and readiness. Currently, the word change is the most used word in an organization. It is considered to be the most challenging process to execute by any organisation. The change means a process through which something becomes different from earlier. It is believed that changes are done for the development of the society. In the fast moving environment, every organisation is looking for changes. It is required for any organisation to compete with their competitors(1). Without modification, an organisation fails to recognise customers' needs and loose loyal customers. In the present scenario of globalisation and internationalisation, every organisation feels the need for changes to accept the technological advancement. Therefore, the organisation desires for change. The term change becomes a norm in times of upheaval. Every organisation accepts chang es when it seems necessary to them. Additionally, the organisational environment is changing as a global standard. To make changes in the organisation, the managers have worked effectively for managing change in the organisation(2). They must identify the need for change and understand the relationship between change in an organisation and its culture. Change can be regarding the technological change, behavioural changes of an employee, change for customer needs, economic changes, and access the growth opportunities by applying changes in the organisation(3). But the most important aspect of organisational change is behavioural changes of the employees of an organisation. The organisational environment and open system approach An organisation is a system of production. It interacts with the external environment for the development of the culture of the organisation. Regarding the organisational change, open systems play a major role(4). Before analysing the importance of an open system in organisational changes, it is important to know what an open system is. The definition of an open system is that it is a system which exchanges feedback regularly with its external environment(5). The organisations should be well structured to deal with unique problems and accommodate various opportunities. Environment influences open systems regarding the specific environment or general environment. The particular situation means those with whom the organisation interacts(6). They are the network of suppliers, government agencies, distributors, and competitors of the organisation. The general environment includes some influences some geographic area in which an organisation does their operations(7). These are cultural va lues of the organisation, economic conditions, legal or political climate of the organisation, and educational quality of the workforce of the organisation. The components of open systems are inputs, behaviour, technology, processes, outputs, structure, and culture. Inputs: Raw materials, money, manpower, resources, and equipment. Outputs: Products, services, and ideas Behaviour of organisation and process: Establish patterns of interactions between individuals and team Technology: Tools, equipment and techniques Environment:external environment of the organisation Structure: relation between individuals, team and management Culture: shared values, beliefs and norms The task of a healthy open system includes some steps. At first, it exchanges feedback with their environment. Then it does feedback analysis. After the analysis of feedback is done, it maintains adjustment of the internal system to achieve the goal of the system(3). Finally, it transmits necessary information back to the environment. The term open system showcases that all organisations are unique regarding their unique environment. The effectiveness of an organisation depends on the ability to adapt the changes in the environment and how they can use their system resources in the changing process(8). An open system model helps an organisation to diagnose the problems that affect the growth of the organisation. It directs an organisation by which way they can implement required changes(8). An open system usually promotes effective solutions for problems by clarification of the issue. It provides regular feedback which helps to understand the employees' response after or before any c hange. It creates a better way for interpersonal communication. An open system assesses the feasibility of change in an organisation and chooses appropriate interventions(9). It helps the OD practitioner and their clients to decide the steps for adaptation of changes which will be adapted by the clients. It helps the organisation in enhancing the organisational effectiveness. MARS Model In organisational behaviour, one of the important models is MARS model. MARS model is based on individual response. This model elaborates the individual behaviour as the result of internal and external factors combined(7). An individual's behaviour is a part of the organisational change. As said in the introduction that changes are done regarding behavioural change of an employee, this theory will be helpful to understand the benefits of theory. MARS is an acronym for Individual Motivation, Abilities, Role Perception and Situational Factors(6). These are considered as the four major factors in determining the behaviour of an individual. It is shown in the model that these four factors have the mixed effect on the performance of an individual(10). If any element becomes weak, the overall performance of the individual will decrease. Motivation Motivation is the internal force that impacts the intensity and direction of a person's deliberate behaviour choice. It consists of direction, strength and persistence. In an organisation, a team leader or changing agents motivate individuals for adopting change(6). Ability Ability is the skills or capabilities that are needed to complete a task. It includes aptitude, skills, and core competencies. For an example, an employee completes his work before the deadline(1). Role Perceptions Role perceptions are the concepts of the employees regarding a job. It includes job speciation, job description, and duties responsibilities of the job. For an example, an IT programmer writes the code and tester checks it. Situational Factors Situational factors are the environmental conditions. It includes time-bound, work facilities, culture, etc. e.g. an employee works in night shifts(7). Kurt Lewins Model of Change There is one critical theory of Kurt Lewins change model regarding the change in the organization. Kurt Lewin introduced a three-step model. It defines the organisational changes involving a move from one static phase to another static phase(3). This type is also considered as the Unfreeze-Change-Refreeze model. This model helps the managers or the change agents of the company in creating a framework for the implementation a change effort. This process is always very sensitive(9). The change process must be faultless. The change agents or the manager who uses the three step change model follow three steps while using the method. These are: They make fundamental changes while introducing changes in the organisation They should decrease any disruption of the change structure's operation The managers or the change agents must be sure that the change is adopted by the clients permanently. Unfreeze This is the step one. It creates right conditions for occurring changes. People sometimes resist change. This action moves people who resist changes from the frozen stage to unfrozen stage or the stage where they accept changes(3). Change In this step, the people accept changes as they can understand the needs for change. This stage involves the psychological transformation of the individuals. The primary objective of the change step is to get individuals to the change state and keep them there(9). Refreeze Refreeze is the last step of Kurt Lewins three step model. The main objective of the stage is to achieve refreeze means reestablishment of new changes and elevated comfort levels of the individuals by providing the individuals with the safe, familiar environment(4). Conclusion Change is inevitable. It cannot be ignored. Every organisation should adapt change to compete with the present trends of globalisation. Technological changes are also seen in the current market scenario. Besides any organisation needs to adopt changes to compete with their rivals. An organisation who cannot adapt change fails to identify the changing demands of the customer. As a result, they lose their loyal customers. Change is vital for every organisation as it allows the employees to learn new skills, gather knowledge, explore upcoming opportunities and implement creativity in the workplace(10). It results from ultimate benefits for the organisation by applying innovative ideas. The open system approach has the great impact on organisational change. It helps the organisation by providing feedback on the regular basis. It is helpful in interpersonal communication within the organisation(2). Open system model recognises the probability of change in an organisation. OD change agents and the practitioner can understand the needs of the clients and choose correct steps for change adaptation. Therefore it can be said that an open system model enlarges the organisational effectiveness. MARS model is another important part of an organization. It is based on the behaviour of the individuals. An individual's behaviour is a part of the organisational change. Internal and external factors combine in this section(7). The Kurt Lewin's Model of change defines three steps of the change process. This analysis shows how change is made in the organisation and in which stage the employees resist change. So it can be concluded that the application of the Open Systems Perspective affects the organisational change. References 1. Egan R, Maidment J, Connolly M. Supporting quality supervision: Insights for organisational practice. International Social Work. 2016; 32(8): p. 48-56. 2. Park ON. Rorty's Neo-Pragmaticism and its Implications on Knowledge Organization System Development. Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science. 2016; 50(1): p. 235-259. 3. Huarng KH, Mas-Tur. Turning Kurt Lewin on his head: Nothing is so theoretical as a good practice. Journal of Business Research. 2016; 69(11): p. 4725-4731. 4. Kunasegaran M, Ismail M, Rasdi RM, Ismail ,Ramayah. Talent development environment and workplace adaptation: The mediating effects of organisational support. European Journal of Training and Development. 2016; 40(6): p. 370-389. 5. Berson Y, Waldman DA, Pearce CL. Enhancing our understanding of vision in organizations: Toward an integration of leader and follower processes. Organizational Psychology Review. 2016; 6(2): p. 171-191. 6. Wang YY, Lin TC, Tsay CHH. Encouraging IS developers to learn business skills: an examination of the MARS model. Information Technology People. 2016; 29(2): p. 381-418. 7. Choe H, Thorne JHH, Seo C. Mapping National Plant Biodiversity Patterns in South Korea with the MARS Species Distribution Model. [Online].; 2016 [cited 2016 September 19. Available from: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0149511. 8. Rodrguez-Enrquez CA, Alor-Hernndez , Mejia-Miranda J, Snchez-Cervantes JL. Supply chain knowledge management supported by a simple knowledge organization system. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications. 2016; 19(1): p. 1-18. 9. Cummings S, Bridgman T, Brown KG. Unfreezing change as three steps: Rethinking Kurt Lewins legacy for change management. Human Relations. 2016; 69(1): p. 33-60. 10. Michael B, Popov M. The Failure of Theory to Predict the Way Public Sector Organisation Responds to its Organisational Environment and the Need for a Mosaic-View of Organisational Theory. Public Organization Review. 2016; 16(1): p. 55-75.