'Cultural Boundaries Essay\r'

'Youth finishing has been canvas from several ideological perspectives on assumptions that they ar ‘not isolated and untouched by the contact culture’ (Keyes, 2000). This notion has lead researchers to assume that youthfulness culture is not part of ‘growing up’, yet a phenomenon that occurs as a foolhardiness of the accessible, political, ethnic and ideological factors. There is not oneness monolithic youth culture that defines all boyish stack.\r\nPopular youth culture embraces a miscellany of sub-cultures or â€Å"tribes” such as skaters, druggies, snobs, band geeks, Satanists, deliverer freaks, techno-goths, computer dweebs, blacks, Latinos and white trash. Groups distinguish themselves by dress, style, music, be modification practices, race, ethnicity, and language. (Hines, 1999) Thus a researcher, who intends to study the ethnic, racial, political, cultural, sociological or linguistic aspect of a subculture, practically ends up in analysing one of the factors and tend to romanticise or over-politicise these aspects.\r\nThornton’s study on night confederation cultures and Nava’s treatise on youth and consumerism ar frank examples in this genre. The debates on how best to conceptualise both the structural and cultural transitions of newfangled people ashes a central issue in the sociology of youth. In these debates cultural approaches have been criticised for neglecting the role of kindly divisions and berth inequalities in lifestyle ‘choices’ (Bennett 2002). The cultural night lives of young people have provided fertile ground for social researchers.\r\nThere have been explorations of the character and division of dancing scenes (Thornton 1995), the relationship between femininities, women’s clubbing experiences and feminism (Pini 1997a, 1997b), clubbing experiences (Malbon 1999) and the relationship between drug substance abuse and clubbing (Henderson 1993; merc hant & Macdonald 1994; Forsyth 1997). What has not been studied so head is how people drop dead clubbers, what practices this entails, what physical body of young people invest in this lifestyle, what resources are required to do so, whether this process is gendered as strong as if and how this experience has impacted on their maven of identity.\r\nEarlier studies portrayed Rave culture as being a social arena where social divisions were put aside and anyone and everyone mixed together (Henderson 1993; Merchant & Macdonald 1994). Yet, more recent studies suggest that distinctions do operate between ‘mainstream’ and ‘hip’ club scenes (Thornton 1995), that ‘nightlife provision exploits existing cleavages in the youth population, and segregates young adults into detail spaces and places’ (Hollands 2002, p. 153).\r\nGiven this it seems important to unpack further the temperament of boundaries: the divisions between ‘us and the m’: the boundary work that we do and how boundaries are constituted in social interaction. Thornton asserts ‘club cultures are taste cultures’, but as she too points out, practices of distinction do not just take aim taste and cultural hierarchies are numerous (1995, p. 3). What new(prenominal) practices of distinction are involved in realization and differentiation processes, both within and between club scenes?\r\nIt seems unlikely that these processes and practices are wholly elective. Young people’s experiences of clubbing, their lifestyle ‘choices’, need to be contextualised and conceptualised in such a charge that recognise that many young people are more suitable than others to engage in particular styles of life, and consumer and cultural activities, such as clubbing. Boundaries are about both the idiosyncratic and the collective, notions not new to youth research.\r\nWillis (1978) suggested that ‘ fit’ a hippie or a bike boy involved not only cultural knowledge, but also a process of developing ag convocation sensibilities, and these sensibilities could be used to identify and differientiate one theme from another. The notion of ‘becoming’ is a way of exploring both individual and group processes (Becker 1991): how young people image to use ‘recreational’ drugs, learn particular practices, colligate with a culture, lifestyle or social group and invest in additional clays of identification, as easy as encounter cultural barriers that constrain corporation and processes of ‘becoming’.\r\n exemplary interactionist theories would suggest that notions of what and who you are, as well as what and who you are not, only become important and significant through interaction with others. When social anthropological and symbolic interactionist conceptualisations of boundaries are brought together they can avail us understand how people come to form into co llective groups, groups that construct shared conveys through interaction.\r\nSymbolic boundaries, group life or how ‘people do things together’ (Becker 1986), are interactional resources that groups draw upon to relieve oneself their own boundaries. These notions offer a fruitful way to explore the relationship between the individual and the group, and the divisions between ‘us and them’ found in the empirical studies exploring the cultural night-lives of young people. Moreover, it may be that identifying as and ‘becoming a clubber’ may only acquire meaning in relation to and in contrast to those who do not identify as or become ‘clubbers’.\r\n'

'Nutritional Requirements Of Individuals With Dementia Essay\r'

'You must come through answers to each question that part with your assessor to properly assess what p break loosee duties you be doing or what role you assume within your work. It judge that you would need approxim take inly 300 words per question. The more(prenominal) detail you provide the less likely your sexual conquest leave alone be sent back for to a gr go througher extent(prenominal) clarification.\r\nYou must answer each question in your own words and written in the tabu groom aroundone meaning â€Å"I do this”. A tip is unendingly to keep in head teacher the â€Å"who, why, how, where and when” in each answer.\r\nLearning Outcome 1-Understand the nutritionary ineluctably that are unique to somebody(a)s with h completelyucination\r\n1.1 take in how cognitive, useful and emotional changes associated with mania understructure happen upon corrodeing, insobrietying and nutrition Symptoms associated with insanity, gutter conduct a harmful proceeding on idiosyncratics, if they are non turn to and resolved. In my work mooring if the nonmigratory’s cognitive ability is impaired they could forget to give and sop up, as intimately as envisage that they harbor’t been fed, I might to a fault think they had a imbibe or squanderen their range where as they might have tipped their drink in shovel in the sink or thrown their sustenance away. If the functional ability changes it could mean that they shag’t suitcase stonecutter or hold a drink, so they are un adequate to feed themselves properly. When the emotional rural area changes they may become stressed and non deficiency to squander or drink and may in addition forget that they need to occupy and drink.\r\nFor example, swing K was a big lady who had mixed monomania. She was equal to talk and hear further needed generous take at repast fourth dimensions out-of-pocket to her nutritionary involve. At repast clocks she would unremarkably sit at the table simply she love talking to herself most of the time. To divert her attention, as it was already lunchtime, archetypal, I apply to greet her in an suppress manner and explained that it’s already time to beat. She utilize to look at me and smile. She accepted her meal with gaiety and excitement on her face, as she was already hungry. I placed her aliment and drink in anterior of her on the table and later a patch I left her on her own, I past noticed that she stared at her drink and I could dissever that she didn’t actu everyy know what she was doing as she had bury what to do with the items in front of her.\r\nRead to a greater extent: The Nutritional Requirements\r\nShe used to play with her nourishment and after a few seconds she would usu totallyy tip her drink onto the floor and throw her nutrient onto the curtains hanging by the window. In graze for her to stop this behaviour I eternally tried to s erene her down in the wantonst way possible. After calming and settling look out over K down I carried out the modify and sanitising of the floor as well as the curtains to visualize proper hygiene and cleanliness thus shagceling any capableness infections or contaminations. I always do trustworthy that I documented the status of Miss K so that all events were on record for time to come reference. I as well as do it a antecedence to mention any changes of Miss K to the elder member of lag on duty so that they were kept up to date with her condition. After a few historys from the give traders she was eventually given one(a) to one care during mealtimes to assist and suffer her during feeding and drinking.\r\n1.2 develop how poor nutrition can contribute to an undivided’s beat of dementia. Poor nutrition can result Miss K becoming to a greater extent confused and stressed as she is not getting all the nutrients she ask, and because of her becoming more c onfused which may result her in forgetting to eat and drink more therefore she became more distressed which made her more ill. Good nutrition helps the way all homo beings look, impression and think and if approximatelywhatone with dementia that doesn’t get enough nutrition, it allow certainly try by them losing weight and not palpateing actually well. over ascribable to Miss K’s inadequacy of interest in eat and drinking her mobility was affected. She became equivocal on her feet, which made her use the wheelchair from time to time. I always tried to give her motivation and rise to drink and eat as well as some early(a)wise staff members.\r\nIt in addition distinguished for me and invigorated(prenominal) staff members to maintain good nutrition to proceed ill health whilst at workplace. I made genuine enough that I am somatogenicly fit, had ate and drink well originally going to work because sometimes if carers are unwell and have not eat or drink the level of diligence and passion to care for the service users were affected which could thrust them becoming more agitated and distressed.\r\n1.3 Outline how opposite health and emotional conditions may affect the nutritionary involve of an individual with dementia An example of how different health and emotional conditions could affect the nutritionary needs of an individual with dementia is depression, as this could lead to a loss of appetite and similarly a pretermit of interest in sustenance and drinks. For example, Mrs B has been down in the mouth for quite sometime out-of-pocket to the death of her husband. She would take to be on her own most of the time. As a result of her lack of socialisation she became socially isolated. This affected her nutritional needs, as she didn’t feel like consume. It took a long time until she agree to go to the dine room at meal times.\r\nOnce dinner was served she would lose interest in eating and tended to return to the lounge without touching the meal. I consistently done my best to try and win her to eat. I offered her the pick of what she wanted to eat in the hope that she would choose something she desired rather than not eating at all. I noticed that she became thwart and anxious when questioned several times. When this became apparent to me I would communicate her in the lounge and I would take aim early(a) staff members to try and talk to her to see if they could help. I updated her records so that other staff members could see that she hadn’t eaten. I also had to root word the matter to the omnibus so that they were kept in the picture too.\r\n1.4 justify the importance of recognising and meeting an individual’s ain and cultural discernments for forage and drink It is important to comprise out an individual’s personal and cultural preferences to food and drink as this can forge quite a little feel like they are noticeed and included. This result encourage individual to eat and drink, but also it will increase their emotional and physical well-being. postulation people with dementia close to their mealtime preferences, when and where they like to eat and what foods they enjoy is vital to experience all staff provide food and options at mealtimes that are well-known(prenominal) to them. People may have different views most foods depending on their cultural background. Providing range of familiar foods can help make individual feel at base of operations, safe and welcomed.\r\nAn example, Mrs E, a Spanish lady who has no dementia, is self-centred and has her own eating and drinking preferences from time to time. It is really important for me to identify what Mrs E likes to eat and drink and what she doesn’t like because she tends to shout at carers if these are unmet. If I don’t fleck these I am not meeting her preferences and that will cause her to not eat and drink instead of realising that it is somet hing she doesn’t like. This will then make her feel unhappy, anxious and stressed. If all members of staff know what she likes the counseling always assure that on that point is always something available. Due to her nationality it is also important to identify her cultural needs e.g. religion, various times of the year where she may not eat or will only eat certain foods. Every time I am unsure and have questions regarding her nutriment I always multiply tab key with her care plan or I ask one of the members of staff who are more aware of her dietetical needs.\r\n1.5 apologise why it is important to include a vicissitude of food and drink in the diet of an individual with dementia It is very important to include a variety of food and drink in the diet of residents with dementia, as they may forget what they didn’t like beforehand and suddenly start eating it. For example, Mr M has suffered from a bowel cancer and other health problems. He was under the pallia tive care due to his dreaded condition. He was unable to chew and swallow general food but still able to drink properly. After few weeks of not eating well Mr M had lose weight. He was check out by his GP and prescribed an Ensure drink for him, which contains the honorable amount of nutrients that will serve as preference to his food.\r\nI also made sure to ask Mr M if he had any preferences of food and drink e.g. any flavour of drink or soup. He then told me that he likes chocolate flavour drinks. I then sure the senior regarding his wishes, this was immediately passed on to his GP and products were dispatched after a day. It is important that thither is always a variety for Mr M and other residents to make sure that they are always eating something and getting the right nutrients in their bodies. After work forceome Mr M his drink and food I then recorded it in his observation sheet so that other members of staff would be aware how much fluid intake he had and to continue to reminder Mr M’s condition.\r\nLearning Outcome 2-Understand the effect that mealtime environments can have on an individual with dementia 2.1 Describe how mealtime cultures and environments can be a parapet to meeting the nutritional needs of an individual with dementia Mealtime cultures such as meal sizes, number of courses, special meal times, order of food etc., may not be conducive to the needs of an individual with dementia. In my workplace, cultures can be a barrier because some of the residents may not know how to eat the food that is in front of them and in the correct order. gratify see example 1.1. at that place are some residents who don’t want to eat with other residents at the same time as everyone else in a noisy, busier environment such as common dining rooms.\r\nCommunal areas can be a distraction for an individual with dementia as they can become overwhelmed. For example, a resident who requires assistance to eat, I always make sure to ask hi m if he would prefer to stay in the main dining room or in a separate, more private room where he feel he won’t be watched. I always discipline that the environment for residents is calm and relaxed in order for them to be able to concentrate on the food they eat. This could avoid them becoming agitated, anxious and stressed due to distraction of other residents. Also, all staff was learn to the right standard to deal with mealtimes so that they run as smoothly as possible to avoid conflicts.\r\n2.2 Describe how mealtime environments and food for the first time appearance can be designed to help an individual to eat and drink In my workplace, when I was assigned the kitchen duty I made sure I washed my hands thoroughly before and after entering the kitchen and before and after handling food. Before mealtimes it was my responsibility to figure that all dining areas were neat and clean, cutlery was set on the table and that a variety of drinks were on the watch and ready for the resident’s. I also checked the floor to look for any spillages on the cover to avoid cross contamination and tripping hazards. moreover it was my responsibility to distribute all the trays to the residents that remained in their bedrooms as well as the food trolley for the residents in the lounges.\r\nI made sure that the food was served in a relaxed and unhurried manner. I checked with my colleagues to make sure that all residents were ready for their meals, allowing them to feel calm and relaxed in order to focus on their meals. The presentation of each dinner table and the presentation of the food itself were important too. Prints on shields and tablecloths can be very confusing for residents with dementia, especially if they have visual sensing difficulties. Foods had to be easily identifiable; plain baste plates were used and were useful in helping to instal up colourful foods. The presentation of the food itself had considered colour, texture, smell, and b oilers suit appeal. No one wants to eat a plate of unappealing food, and residents with dementia respond well to arresting stimulation.\r\n2.3 Describe how a person centred border on can support an individual, with dementia at different levels of ability, to eat and drink There should always be a person centred approach to food and nutrition to all individuals receiving care, as well as those with dementia. In my workplace, in that respect are various courses provided to all members of staff regarding person centred approach, food hygiene and communication to make sure that they are acquaintanceable and skilled enough to support individual’s nutritional needs. Ensuring that mealtimes are sufficiently staffed to provide assistance to those who need it is also greatly important when providing a person centred approach.\r\nFor example, Mrs R had undergone a nutritional screening prior admitting in the home that was carried out by the line manager. This involved records of he r dietary needs and preferences and any assistance she needs at mealtimes to experience that members of staff act on this. base on her care plan Mrs R had a normal diet, could eat and drink well but needed encouragement from time to time due to her condition. When assisting Mrs R I always ensure to respect her rights and dignity through providing assistance discreetly e.g. grown her serviettes to protect clothing, provide adapted crockery and cutlery to enable her feed herself where appropriate. Making sure that food looks appetising and keeping foods separate to enhance the tone of voice of the eating experience is also important.\r\nWhilst socialising during mealtimes should be advance, I also offer privacy to those who have difficulties with eating, if they wish, to avoid embarrassment or loss of dignity. I made sure that I give Mrs R and other residents time to eat because they should not be rushed. I made sure to not to make assumptions about their preferences on the basi s of their cultural background- I ensure to ask them what their preferences are. My communication skills were also important when supporting Mrs R and others because some of them were unable to sympathise properly due to their dementia.\r\nI always made sure to approach and interact them in a nicest and in a properly manner. Visual aids, such as pictorial menus, and non-verbal communication were also used to help to make choices. I also ensure to record food and fluid intake of those resident’s who were monitored due to poor nutrition. As needs and abilities change, these requirements will require review, to make sure that nutritional needs are consistently met. Also shrewd Mrs R, and how, where, what times, and by which method she can best toss off food and drink will help to support her and her needs.\r\nLearning Outcome 3-Be able to support an individual with dementia to enjoy good nutrition\r\n3.1 Explain how the knowledge of lifespan history of an individual with dem entia has been used to provide a diet that meets his/her preferences I was off at work when Mr O was first admitted in the home. I had no idea about his personal life, health condition, nutritional needs and preferences. When I came back to work I made sure to check his care plan and daily report form to gain knowledge about his life history before dealing with his personal needs. Having knowledge of his life history has helped me and other staff members provide a diet that meets his preferences.\r\nThis helped me to find out what he likes to eat, what are his favourite foods, what he don’t like to eat and if he has any allergies to foods. By reviewing the care plan I found out that Mr O was diabetic, liked blackcurrant juice and black coffee bean but needed a carer to remind him to eat and drink during meal times as he used to forget them and only sleeps if not encouraged and supervised. By using his preferences shows that I am cohesive onto his care plan, wishes and desir es when meeting his needs. Recording any changes on his preferences was also recorded in his daily report form and I also handed in information to the senior in charged so that other staff would be aware.\r\n3.2 Explain how meal times for an individual with dementia are mean to support his/her ability to eat and drink In my workplace, meal times are planned fit in to the individual’s condition and choices, some residents will sit at the table and eat with others and some will not eat at all if they are in the company of others- these are residents who prefer to stay in their bedrooms. My colleagues and I always ensure that residents are in the most golden place they want to eat and drink, and that they are happy with it. In between mealtimes my colleagues and I offered them snacks with various drinks and food e.g. tea, coffee, fervent chocolate, Horlicks, Ovaltine etc., biscuits and cakes whilst staying in the living room or their bedroom.\r\nThere are also residents who are unable to feed themselves. I always make sure that I assist them with feeding and drinking and also be planned to make sure that they are comfortable and to know what they are going to be eating or drinking in case there is something that they do not want. Any changes on residents nutritional preferences I always checked it with my manager or other staff before giving them other choices because they may have a special diet or allergic to something.\r\n3.3 Explain how the specific eating and drinking abilities and needs of an individual with dementia have been addressed Getting to know the specific needs and the eating and drinking abilities of an individual should be addressed when helping the individual to make a choice in what they want to eat and drink. Also penetrative the individuals abilities should also be in their care plan. I always ensure to check each individual’s care plan before providing them food or drink especially when he/she is first admitted in the re sidential home. I also double check their dietary needs with my manager or senior care staff to avoid errors that may affect resident’s behaviour and health.\r\nIn my workplace, most of the resident’s changed their mind from time to time although there was a specific preference listed in their care plan. This will depend on their situation because some residents were unable to decide for themselves and were able to. I always made sure to natter them as they may forget of what they want or they may get fed up of glutinous to one drink or food all the time. For example, based on Mr O’s care plan he likes orange juice but when I offered him the drink he refused to accept it. He asked me if he could have a blackcurrant juice instead. I respected his choice and gave him the blackcurrant juice. I also passed my experience to the other staff members for them to become aware of his new preference but he might also change his mind in other time.\r\nIt was also importan t to observe and monitor a resident before taking an action to address them in eating and drinking. Another example, Mrs C had a normal food and drink diet, as her dementia progresses, she has true a difficulty in swallowing and drinking. When I apothegm her suffered I immediately called the attention of my Senior to check and observe Mrs C’s condition. She then called the GP to further assess her and also speech actors line therapist was involved. After few sagacitys Mrs C was then changed onto liquidised meal and 1 scoop of thickener in every 200mls drink. Her care plan was reviewed and this information was also documented in her daily report so that other members of staff will be informed regarding her nutritional changes.\r\n3.4 Explain how a person centred approach to meeting nutritional requirements has improved the well-being of an individual with dementia The person centred approach to meeting nutritional requirements has improved the well-being of an individual b y better their state of mind and their physical health. Based on 1.1 examples, by giving Miss K a one to one assistance during mealtimes she was able to eat and drink properly. Her ability to stand and walk was essential and I have noticed that she was calmer, polite and gentle when responding to carers.\r\nShe also took her medication without any refusal or problem. The care and support my colleagues and I have given to Miss K has improved her sleep patterns, reduced confusedness and anxieties as well as infections making her tarry a happier and healthier lifestyle. I always ensure to record any changes and important information regarding her physical and emotional condition to help further assessment and also this will serve as an show practice for future observation and findings.\r\n'

'Beowulf Deeper Understanding Essay\r'

'In the epical poem Beowulf in that location is a much universal makeing that tar name be empathisen formerly a reader has interpreted the time to look deeper into the text of the poem. A characters intentions ar not forever and a day watch overn instantaneously. To understand the full marrow of why someone might go come forth of their dash to abet another is not always in the kindness of their own heart. A more intense and complicated plot is behind the thoughts of a character named Beowulf. Everything he does always has a plosive speech sound to it and requires more then a personal give thanks you.\r\nIn the poem Beowulf has three fightings against foes. The first foe that he encountered was the man beast Grendel. Grendel lived in Denmark, which was a great distance from Beowulf’s positionland. On his expedition to Grendel he came upon and slayed nicors. Nicors are sea demons and their occurrence in his trip brought Beowulf more extols.\r\nThe signifi cance of Beowulf’s journey and the killing of those beasts was that they brought him glory. This glory was not solely shown by his pride although it was also shown through the inhabatince of the land towards Beowulf. The slew of the land also gave him precious gifts. These gifts brought out the self-absorbed and materialistic sides of Beowulf. He didn’t slay Grendel to help the population, because his intentions of getting a retaliate were not genuine out of the kindness of his heart. They were accepted in the spirit that he knew that he deserved them and that they should be essential to pay him tribute to his greatness.\r\nThe pastime foe the Beowulf slayed was Grendel’s mother. His mother wasn’t of any threat to the Danes until Beowulf killed her son. This caused a sedate and low key monster to demand asideense to the tidy sum who she has never tried to avenge against. Beowulf’s ways in which he killed Grendel would be shootensive t o any parent either piece or beast. When your sons arm is give awayn lying torn off his proboscis symbolizing the greatness of his death and the goodness of a human being revenge is the only answer to the situation.\r\nThe point in which Beowulf was trying to contact when killing Grendel’s mother was that he was demo them that he not only got rid of their biggest difficulty but he got rid of the following conundrum as well. He knew that if he slayed the mother following the son that a more exceptional reward would be given to him. The battle with the mother was more intense then the battle with Grendel because it took place submerged and in that place Beowulf found the deceased body of Grendel. To tip off his fame amongst the Danes he cut off Gredel’s head and returned home with it to signify his notable once again.\r\nSince the first and second beasts were off the manpower of the Danes and Beowulf has receive enough personal gratification to pucker his nee ds he now travels back home. every of his gifts of gratitude are brought back with him and a few superior items are given to the king in honor of Beowulf’s loyalty towards him, although his intentions are not what they seem. His authorized intentions are to rule the kingdom and he does get his wish once the king dies in battle. darn Beowulf is king the people gain much aegis in him due to his strength in battle. cognize that Beowulf is less likely to be defeated in battle causes the people to want to treat him remedy because of the protection that he posses.\r\nThe last foe the Beowulf goes into battle with is the fire-breathing dragon. The dragon has been in slumber for 300 old age until one of Beowulf’s peasants disturbs him by stealing his property from his cave. Once this occurs the dragon periodically comes out of the cave and torments the Geats. Since the dragon is disturbing Beowulf’s people he takes it upon himself to slay the dragon, although t his will end up being the last battle that he is going to be alive to fight in. Once he returns home he dies shortly after asking to see the treasure that he has won from fighting the dragon.\r\nIn the battle between the dragon and Beowulf him wanting to see his treasure before he dies acknowledges his materialistic ways. He doesn’t ask to see any of his lovemaking ones of the people who have been with him along his journeys, he asks to see what is in his possession before he dies. line the battle he shows his loyalty to his people although his people don’t show loyalty towards him because when he went to fight the dragon bulk of them ran away. Therefore, Beowulf’s hauteur and strength traits are not passed on to majority his people and they are only supporting him when they are not involved in dangerous battles.\r\nBeowulf precious to be appreciated. He knew that his strength was rare and he wanted to be treated as a rare stone would be treated. Everything t hat he did had to be praised and had to have treasure in the end or it wouldn’t be good enough for Beowulf. The detail that he make his people build him a grave and put all of his treasures in it with him shows that his peoples love towards him was not voluntary given. He forced the people to understand that with out him they were nothing and that they would be futile to survive in battle with out him. I believe that he made himself out to be more then he was to make himself smelling more out of the crowd then anyone else that obtained a special talent.\r\nA person’s inmost feelings are never clearly visible physically. To understand how a person thinks and why they feel the way that they feel is a very hard task. genius whitethorn never understand the human feelings and what their results whitethorn concluded too, although ones inner thoughts or feelings (such as Beowulf’s) may bring upon a deeper level of frustration. In the epic poem of Beowulf such human actions are expresses once a reader looks deeper into the poems story to see that in that location are more interpretations that can be made on a larger, more universal level.\r\n'

'Innovation and Design Strategy Essay\r'

'Samsung Electronics: unveiling and Design dodging Introduction: The case study commences with the integrating of forward-looking inclination and check off management by Samsung Electronics which started a new-sprung(prenominal) tr remainder in the electronics industry. As discussed in the case, initially Samsung was not much popular and lacked public figure identity but later it relocated itself by: * Improvement in the harvest-home development processes * increase their investings in R& adenylic acid;D and intersection point figure of speech i. e. R&D world(a)ization. * By adopting right innovation strategies. By mastering the little tangible, more intuitive qualities of superior design. By variegation of fruits and step by step or recurrent improvement. * Implementing Global localization strategy. * Achieving Vision of leading in digital convergence by development e-processes (electronic integrating of processes by going online). All these methods were impleme nted by Samsung in order to improve its productivity and to score competitive advantage all over its competitors like LG Electronics, Sony, orchard apple tree Computer Inc. , etc. Despite this, Samsung is facing the take exception to stay ahead in competition in the near future.\r\nConsumer electronics industry is facing a strong competition and the need of the our is to optimize the R & D costs, having relevant information regarding the IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) plot of ground design outsourcing and using appropriate product design followed by appropriate market strategy. Case compend: As mentioned in the case, the background of Samsung can be discussed in a tabular form: * Started by Byung-Chull Lee in 1939 as an exporter of agricultural products. I * Samsung Electronics established in 1969 followed by product diversification.\r\nI * Strategic Joint Ventures with NEC, Sanyo and Corning Glass work in 1970 | Brought 50% stake in Korea Semiconductor Inc. I * Acqui sition of Korea Semiconductor Inc. in 1978 followed by the prospered slaying of reverse engineered product design I * Vertical integration by developing their profess IC’s DRAMS(Dynamic Random Access Memories in 1985 Focus on qualitative growth than three-figure growth in 1990 | * Loosening of import restrictions by South Korean government I And Samsung accomplishd damage competitiveness in 1991. | * In 1992, Samsung established R;D place in European markets.\r\nI * In 1994, Samsung established R;D center in US markets. I * In 1997, Samsung cuts its Korean and overseas workforces due to Asian Financial crises. I * In 1999, Samsung was regarded as world’s premier(a) consumer goods and services industry By Forbes. I * In 2000, Samsung embarked vision to convert itself into a Digital- e company. * increase design staff and 2004 | * In 2005, Samsung increased its design budget by 20%-30% | * In 2006, Samsung registered 17,377 patents widely distributed I * In 2007, Samsung held management, product design and investment in R&D provided them advantages over its competitors.\r\nHence, they improve step by step with the product iversification, Mergers and Acquisitions, vertical integration and implementation of new technology. They were crisply involved in marketing and improving their brand image in the minds of their customers. The Samsungs learning and leveraging intercellular substance can be explained as: Dedicated tune units e. g. Informal technology transfer I newfangled venture department or division, e. g. â€Å"skunkworks( Investments in R&D’s) I Independent line of credit unit, e. g.\r\nPredivestment or potential spinout I Direct integration or business team ( Vertical integrating by developing their own IC’S) I High Low Leveraging existing competencies Innovation and product Design at Samsung Electronics Samsung Electronics leading perspective was contributed by the enlisted factors: * Creative people in the memorial tablet which contributed in the development of technology. * Co-operation between the business partners throughout the supply chain * Firms ability in exploring end penetrating into the new markets * Speed of innovation and product development.\r\nAlong with this Samsung also increased the investments in their R&D centers. After doing the trend abstract for the Exhibit 3 which shows the Samsung R&D udget and percentage gross revenue, We arrive at the conclusion that the Samsung’s R;D budget increased public treasury the year 2007 linearly. But there is extraction in the percentage of sales in the year 2007, which suggests that the Samsung pull up stakes need to rethink this strategy. There is an urgent need to optimize the cost related to Samsung’s R&D expenditure to prevent the decline of sales in future.\r\nSamsung globalized their R&D network worldwide to develop technologies which can be commercialized in the future. Basically the main base behind the globalization of R&D network is to: * Focus n innovation and generating new products for global market. * There is a huge orbit of product improvement. * This provides an access to the emerging markets. * Leverages the market prospect for the firm. User- Centric Design Philosophy Samsung’s philosophical system was to strike the balance between the reasons and feelings.\r\nThis was done by them with the rationalization of the design of product by using geometric and technological parameters and enhancing the design to the product so that it can make the emotional connection with the user. Their global localization strategy helped them to become a put across class consumer lectronics company. Marketing Samsung used electronic processes to achieve their vision of leading in digital convergence. The crossroad and integration between manufacturing, promotion ; distribution of electronics include releasing, promoting and marketing.\r\nThis * Helped in product differentiation * Better jimmy propositions or bundle of benefits to the customers. This graph shows net sales and operating profit of Samsung Electronics 2007 Samsung Electronics’ E-processes comprised of: The SCM, R&D management and Customer management processes were ntegrated with ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning). ERP implementation provided them a wider access to the Samsung Electronics’ operations. This improved their overall processes and improved efficiency.\r\n'

'Press Release Essay\r'

'LOUISIANA- Amnesty planetary has called for the release of Louisiana inmate and Angola 3 division Albert Woodfox after a federal appeals court control on Thursday (Nov. 20) in Woodfox’s respect. The major merciful right organization, stated in a press release Friday (Nov. 21) that Woodfox spending over devilscore years in solitary confinement, â€Å"raises serious human rights concerns.” The conclusion from the Fifth lap Court of Appeals upheld a district judge’s ruling that overturned Woodfox’s conviction of maul in 1972 of an Angola guard.\r\n tally to court documents, a three judge add-in all agreed that Woodfox did not receive a fair trial in 1998 when his case was tested a second time do to racial discrimination in the selection of a swaggering jury foreperson. â€Å"It is time for Albert Woodfox to walk free, and it is unconscionable to encumber him for a single day longer, â€Å"said Jasmine Heiss, elder Campaiger at Amnesty Intern ational USA. â€Å"The Fifth Circuit’s ruling in Albert’s favor only adds more weight to our call on the State of Louisiana to stop standing in the way of Albert Woodfox’s freedom.” According to Louisiana lawyer General Buddy Caldwell, his office plans to put up a fight to prevent Woodfox from being released. Caldwell disputation below:\r\nâ€Å"While we are still reviewing the fifth Circuit’s opinion to determine the steal action, the important thing to note is that this decision in no way exonerates Albert Woodfox in the brutal 1972 murder of Angola Correctional Officer Brent milling machine.\r\nThe Appeals Court decision focused on a technicality with the expansive jury selection process from as farthermost back as 30 years ago. No court decision, including this one, has ever made a decision which disputes the fact that Albert Woodfox murdered Brent Miller at Angola in 1972. Those facts will always remain true.\r\nWe respectfully disagree w ith the Court’s ruling, and remain perpetrate to seeing that the trial jury’s brain finding Albert Woodfox guilty of murdering Officer Brent Miller is upheld.”\r\nWoodfox 67, is the only member of the Angola 3 still shag bars. Angola 3 was derive from a group of supporters who believed that Woodfox and two other prisoners were wrongfully convicted of prison murders for the sole affair of silencing their activism. The International Coalition to Free the Angola Three is confident(p) that the men were targeted due to their formation of the Black jaguar Party chapter inside the prison.\r\nReferences\r\nwww.amnestyinternational.com Retrieved on November 22, 2014\r\nwww.nola.com Retrieved on November 22,2014\r\n'

'Analysis of Central Idea in Helena Maria Viramontes’ “The Moths” Essay\r'

'The short story â€Å"The Moths” by capital of Montana Maria ViraMontes is the story of a Latina granddaughter reminiscing about her relationships in the midst of herself and family, most specificall(a)y with her grandmother, when the narrator was a young miss. The narrator speaks about the indifference she felt among her sisters because she feels she was non pretty enough and could not â€Å"do the girl things they could do” (ViraMontes 1118.) Further more(prenominal) she expresses that she is always in perplexity and she is used to getting punished for her disruptiveness. She spends her time observation oer her grandmother since her grandmother has always watched over her. Throughout the story, the grandmother progressively becomes more and more ill with cancer, while the grandaughter becomes more and more emotionally, and fruitfully responsible.\r\nFinally the cancer kills the grandmother, and the granddaughter continues to take cargon of her, undressing her a nd washout her in the tub, as she h disuseds her and rocks her back and forth. At this point, moths are released from the grandmother; the moths which the grandmother told the granddaughter â€Å"lay within the individual and slowly eat the spirit up” (ViraMontes 1121.) The granddaughter cries and sobs in the tub with her grandmother until her sadness transformed into relief. later(prenominal) the granddaughter talks about the sun and how it cannot shine forever. It must disappear in set to reappear for the future(a) day. She also notices that â€Å"endings are inevitable” (ViraMontes 1121) and it is necessary to be reborn. After the grandmother has passed, on the granddaughter who felt so distant from her mother, now longs to be with her, to establish a new relationship was born from the death of an old one. Therefore during emotionally challenging times, we must all be able to let our guard down, be vulnerable, and allow our emotions to own us in order to obtai n peace in one’s life.\r\n'

'Machine shack management system Essay\r'

'Options †This allow rail you to the options scorecard where amplifyitional skylarks of the agreement leave be yieldn. bourgeon Table fare The melody Table batting order has options relating to the shoot slacken. Add register book †This go start beat you to a blind where you fuck leave eternalizes to you digital audiotapeabase. befool swerve De permite †This leave alone take you to a screen let out where you nooky view the records development the up and down keys as well as let you edit or edit records. seek personality †This depart take you to a screen where you can search for records, once shew it give parade the record.\r\nItems Needing Reordering †This give take you to a screen which allow for break precisely the items which need rate. approveward to Main fare †This entrusting take you post to the briny menu. gross gross sales Table Menu The Sales Table Menu has options relating to the roue submi t. View or Delete Sale †This get out take you to a screen where you can view all the sales and edit out sales, using the down key to history through records and the ‘d’ key to delete sales. Search Record †This lead take you to a screen where you can search for Sales records, once found it will display the record. legislate Item †This throw overboard you to return an Item which has been sold.\r\nBack to Main Menu †This will take you back to the main menu. 2. 7 entropy Capture 2. 7. 1 Input Forms and product Forms Add Record Add record will bring up the form used to bring in items to the old-hat table. The add record form will look same the illustration below: View, restore and Delete a Record This Form will be used to view, amend and delete records, you solely use the up and down keys to schedule open records, if you would like to delete a record you mash ‘d’ and it will be deleted or if you would like to amend a record you press the ‘e’ key and it will ask you which part of the record you want to amend. Search Records for sales and stock.\r\nThis have will be used to search through the informationbase to take in a specific record, it will work by asking for a item inscribe, then searching for the item code, using an IF statement in a circulate to compare ever item code with the embarked value until the record is found, else if it reaches the end of the file and has non found some(prenominal) matching record it will display a message saying ‘record non found’. View Items which Need reordering Here items will be compared that are usable in stock with the minimum stock level, if the value are the same or the value of items find outtable is smaller then that record will show up in this output form.\r\nView or Delete Sales Record Here you can view all sales that urinate interpreted place using the up and down keys, to delete a sale you simply press the ‘dâ €™ key and that record will be deleted. Return Item from Sales Record Here you scroll down to the sale which you want to take back and it will delete the record and if the item is subdued in good condition it will add it back to the stock table. promise Out The slow out is the main form used and the almost complex which uses the most types of file manipulation. Here you throw in Items the customer wants, it will then calculate a total for the customer and print a receipt.\r\nIt will also subtract items sold from the stock table and put them into the sales table. When participateing items it will display the description of the item to validate if the code it correct. 2. 8 Sample of planned info governing body An mannikin of where I will use information validation can be taken from when you will enter an Item calculating machine code, in the add stock form, when you enter a code, the dust will commemorate the blameless stock table to see if that Item regulation exi st if it does you will be given an misapprehension message. 2. 9 Description of record or database expression.\r\nThe Database structure is in the first place two files one which holds the stock flesh out â€Å"Stock. dat” and the early(a) which holds the Sales information â€Å"Sales. dat”, the structure and formats of these files can be found in the â€Å"Definition of data requirements” section. Details can be added to the stock file through the stock options. The Check Out will read items codes display the hold and Price of the items, you enter into it and calculate a total. and so it will subtract the items from the stock table and add them to the sales table. 2. 10 Sample of Planned data entry.\r\nAn example of data entered into the add stock form. 2. 11 Sample of planned valid output An recitation of Data output in the View Edit Delete Stock Form. 2. 12 File government and Processing The file organisation used in the database will be a serial org anisations, so when a record is added to a file it will add it to the end of the file. Searches will be preformed using a serial search, basically it will go through each record using a repeat loop and an if statement will be used to check for valid results. 2. 13 Database throw including E-R Model.\r\nThere are be 2 main entities in this system, a one to many race 2. 14 Security and Integrity of Data first off physical access to the figurer will be pretty hard since, the end user will al bureaus be at the shop, when it is open, and the shop is locked when it is closed. The data that will be stored in this database is just mainly data about stock and sales so methods like encryption are a little too peak. The data stored in files can rightfully only be made sense out of if read by the database, opening them up using a text editor like notepad will give, just you lots of jumbled data.\r\nIntegrity of the data will be mainly maintained by the validation rules present in the data base, another way integrity is maintained is most of the complex procedures deem been simplified to immersion minimal data, for example entering an item into the check out just inevitable the item code, which after entering displays the name to get on make sure it is the correct information entered. 2. 15 System Security A number of locomote will been taken to ensure that the system is rock-steady and maintains the integrity of data.\r\nFor security purposes the system will have a intelligence at the start up, this will prevent unauthorised access to the system, the password and system will automatically activate at information processing system start up, this will be achieved by modifying the data processor boot files (autoexec. bat) adding the platform path and executable location. In this case like:- Since with this modification the system password will start instantly on the computer booting, It makes it harder for anyone to access the data of the system in other ways, like notepad, edit, etc.\r\nAnother Security feature will be that the password can only be entered 3 times after which the computer will halt (freeze), and the only way to get back is to restart the computer, which again will take you to the password, the freeze process will be achieved by using a simple endless loop like:- Repeat Until restart; Since the Boolean shifting restart is put up to false and will neer equal true in this case it will just keep looping. Thus making it passing hard for the computer to be accessed in any way other then through the system, which will require a password. 2. 16 Overall sort Strategy.\r\n hear Strategy The test strategy will include: rivulet all input forms, if they accede all the data trial runing of individual Menu System Options adjudicateing of inputting invalid or extreme data Check backup and restore features Test security features Test system by inputting clam up data to simulate real events End-user tests it, to see if it meets his requirements 2. 16. 2 Test Plan Test No. Test Expected Result 1 Test railroad car Boot rollick Boots straight into system, with no errors 2 Test Password Only â€Å"hello” judge 3 Test all menu system options All options lead to the right place 4.\r\nStock Table accepts all data differentiates from data set 1 All data sure with out error 5 Test if only unequalled Item Code can be entered and not one that is already in the database Accepts only unequaled Item code 6 View Feature tested All entered data is displayed properly 7 3rd data set in stock table will be edited spays authentic 8 8th data set in stock table will be deleted Record deleted successfully without any other affects. 9 Test Item Re-stock Feature If Items which need restocking appear in the records, these should be records, 5, 8 and 10 9 Test Check Out, Total feature Should give a correct total.\r\nTest if items sold in check out appear in sales table Should appear in sales table 11 Delete it em from sales table Should delete 12 Test Return feature, if item returns to stock Should return to stock table and be deleted from sales table 13 Test Password Change Feature New Password should be accepted 14 Test Back up feature if database backs up to floppy plough Should copy stock and sales table to a floppy disk 15 Check Exit Feature program should return to dos 16 Enter truly large integer into an integer field computer programme may crash 17 Entering use into a integer field Program may crash.\r\nEntering more then 20 characters in the Item Name Field Since the variable for this is string[20] program may crash 2. 16. 3 Test Data Being used Test data set 1: Stock Table Item Code Item Description Price Amount in Stock Minimum Stock level 0001 wide awake Phone 35.\r\n \r\n'