Young People Have More Want Than Needs. What Are Your View?

Young People Have more Wants than Needs. What do you think? This materialistic world produces enormous amount of goods and serve to satiate our wants more than our take aims. The attitude of satisfying ones wants has near always preceded ones needfully. This new wave of attitude is oddly obvious in issue tribe who impart endless desires to catch what they want instead of what they actually need. Consequently, nowadays, we have often heard the show I want and rargonly draw to hear I need from youthfulness people.This is especially evident in the things young people are seeking today. No doubt, good education is part of it and it is indeed necessary. However, roughly have become so obsessed with achieving better grades that they are voluntary to happen a fortune on getting additional second beyond their school for the sake of beating their classmates in academic results. wanting to achieve their objectives, some have hired a few ain tutors to help them out. Instead o f relying and making good use of what is already provided to them, such ones have taken things for granted.They do non see that their needs have actually been fulfilled but focus too much on their wants, which is getting better results to perhaps outshine their peers. Regrettably, this kind of obsession would cogitate that their parents hard-earned money is spent wastefully or even unwisely. For what, for satisfying their wants when their needs have actually been met. Additionally, the pursuit of keeping up to date with expressive style is all too common in young people.These things are not bad in themselves but to maintain ones jam with the modish fashion content that young ones may often spend beyond their means simply for the purpose of satisfying their wants. Even for those without the means to possess the current, they may even try to get what they want through and through illegal channel such as doing part time as escorts. Sadly, this has been happening in recent years . Apparently, the trend has taken root because young people often fail to differentiate clearly their wants from their needs.Not to be miss is the desire to pace up with the epoch of technology in call of mobile phones. Gone are the days of owning a phone honest to make calls and sending short text messages. Our generation has become highly sophisticated with the advancement in technology. Unfortunately, we have been witnessing the massive production of ache phones that keeps flooding the market with infinite choices and temptations to have to own one. Ironically, we are sightedness young people wning the latest smart phones more than adults who are sibylline to be the more likely group of people to own these things. So the question is how on earth do our young people get the financial means to purchase these gadgets? Apparently, their main sponsors are their parents. As a matter of fact, quite a large number of young people are often seen pestering their parents to buy them o r equip them with the latest products. This has also evidenced itself when parents are being demanded to trade good run results in return for getting what their children want.To make matters worse, young people sometimes threaten their parents, who may not be wealthy enough, to buy the latest smart phones for them. To sum it all up, I must say that young people have more wants than needs. If only they could exercise a teensy more of their thinking ability, they would definitely be able to discern for themselves that wants testament always be endless but needs are rattling few and necessary but the latter must precede the former.

Death of Marat Essay

I love the trading floor of a conversation that took frame at an English country mark du halo a dinner p artificey, where the host had average started up the discussion of finis and asked the various guests what entrust happen to them after they die. Some thought closely reincarnation and an opposite(prenominal)s though about different plains of being, and others thought that they were going to be annihilated.All of the guests had answered the enquiry except for sir Roderick, who was a military type, a very(prenominal) devout man to the church of England where he was overly the church warden, head bearing of the vestry, in the local county of Parish. The lady give tongue to sir Roderick you fathernt said a word, what do you think is going to happen to you when you die? oh he said I am certain that I will go to heaven and enjoy everlasting bliss, tho I wish you wouldnt indulge I such a depressing conversationThe signaling of remnant It is talked about with such angui sh and fright yet visualised through art as something that represents relief or en well-to-doenment that on the whole together are emotionally wrenching ideas that have been both subject for artists and served as an incentive for artistic production throughout history, perhaps as much as, perhaps more than, any other subject since artists have dealt with expiry, dying(p), the threat of death, escape from death, thoughts of death, and preparation for death through the centuries.For me, death in neo-classicism was the obvious choice because it so strongly reflects the lurch that was going through Europe at the time, where plagues, revolution and war broken the common wasteland. Through the age of enlightenment death began to play a different role amongst artists and scientists where the interest in mortality and old age, the change integrity body and the anatomical structure layered in bread and butterlessness took untested figure outs.With death came the peeling back of l ayers, skin, muscles, organs embalming and mummification, posing the question on whether there is an immaterial soul or whether the body is only a complicated organ capable of immense things. This is something I felt is strongly expressed in the painting that I have chosen. The Death of Marat, mixed by Jacques-Louis David in 1793 is a story that relates to the French Revolution, in which a radical journalist, Marat, is murder in his bath by Charlotte Corday, who believed that his death would contain the hysteria throughout the country.It has been described by T. J. Clark as the first modernist painting, for the way it took the stuff of politics as its material, and did not transmute it(1). However I believe that the painting also allows a portrayal of a philosophical stayation on the subject of death. Through this essay I will argue how the painting demonstrates the struggle between the polarizations of death through a neo-classicistic point of view. Analysis The painting Death of Marat depicts the death of a murdered radical journalist during the French revolution.Charlotte Corday, the murderer, was a Girondin(2) from a minor naughty family and a political enemy of Marat who blamed him for the September Massacre. She rack uped entrance to Marats rooms with a note promising details of a counter-revolutionary ring in Caen. Marat suffered from a skin condition that caused him to work from his bath. Corday stabbed Marat, who died. She did not assay to flee, and was later trailed and exe downed. While the painting is done in a possible style, it has elements of being idealized, so that Marats death is nigh graceful.His head is resting peacefull on the edge of the tub, and despite being stabbed in the chest he is still holding a quill in his right wad with which he was writing a letter, which he still holds in his left(p) hand. This along with the dramatic lighting and overall calmness of the scene betrays the in reality brutality of the stabbing. In f act, its a very peaceful painting. You could almost be forgiven for not thinking him dead. The Death of Marat is designed to commemorate a personable hero. David intended to record more than just the horror of martyrdom.In this sense, for realistic as it is in its details, the painting, as a whole, from its start, is a methodical construction focusing on the victim, a striking set up regarded today by several critics as an awful beautiful lie. (3) To fully understand this ar dickensrk there are essentially two aspects to administer first the style used by David, i. e. Neo-classicism, and secondly the artists purpose, i. e. turning Marat into a hero of high moralistic virtues according to the authoritative tradition. Neoclassicism as the name says was essentially a rediscovery of classical art from the Greek and Roman time.This style prescribed rigorous contours, sculptured forms, and polished surfaces and was base on ideals of harmony and austerity. By applying such technique, death is glorified and allows hike up depth for the beholder, which makes the message of the decisive clash of life and death stronger. Marat is dying his eyelids droop, his head weighs heavily on his shoulder, his right arm slides to the ground. His body, as motley by David, is that of a healthy man, still young.The scene inevitably calls to promontory a rendering of the Descent from the Cross. (4) The face is marked by suffering, but is also gentle and suffused by a growing peacefulness as the fangs of death loosen their grip. The significance of this is the inference that Marat sacrificed himself for the good of the people, just as Christ is said to have done. Other religious elements are also prominent, the halo like turban more or less Marats head, and the heavenly light shining upon Marats angelic face. The portrayal of Marat in this way contrasts with other accounts describing him. Marat up until the moments before his death was a violent man who wholly supported the exe cutions of all those who opposed the government.Marat was once known to have said, In order to ensure public tranquility 200,000 heads must(prenominal) be cut off. (5) It was Davids aim to construct images of a secular saint. David believed that Art must have a social mission (appeal to the beholders moral sense instead of merely giving him pleasure). Art must land forcefully to the education of the public. However in a time when violence was so prevalent actuality was replaced by inaccurate images resulting in historical misrepresentations. This was partly due to the fear people experienced, due to sympathies people held.David supported the Jacobins and so this representation is non-white, giving only the Jacobins perspective, not at all representing the views of Corday or the Girondins who particularly hated Marat. All reflections in history are biased documents, but thats another discussion. My interest with the Death of Marat lies within two philosophical notions, dualism and physicalism, Most religious views have a thought in the afterlife and the continuation of living in some other form after life has been completed.For Christians death leads to heaven, or hell to nonbelievers. For Buddhists death restarts the life cycle in reincarnation, the person becoming another living entity in another shape. Death in this piece of art has the power to confront the viewer with their own mortality, their own livingness, in ways that surpass pattern emotions. In most modern countries, death is something that is hidden away from people, disconnected into cemeteries and funerals. Most would agree that death is an inherently bad thing, that living surpasses death in possible everyway.Death in culture has such gigantic ranging importance between nations and societies that one simple analysis does little rid the range of connotations. Conclusion The theme of death in art has been around for centuries. Death and the last living hours are present in the impatien ce of the Christ, a subject matter that has been present strongly through arts history. The dramatic use of neo-classicistic art techniques allowed David to capture not just a painting but also a symbolic movement that death represents.By taking the fundamental pillars of neoclassicism and romanticizing them he was able to gain entrance to a certain presence. If theres ever a picture that would make you want to die for a cause, it is Death of Marat. moreover thats to separate it from the appalling moment of its creation, the French Revolution. For David, Marat wasnt a monster, he was a saint. This was martyrdom, and part of Davids manifesto of the revolutionary virtue. When analyzing representations from the prehistorical we must recognize motivating factors behind representations.Subsequently we must question representations of the past, such as Davids The Death of Marat and the validity of opposing views. However death is far from being a radically new idea, it contains a gra nd range of philosophical concepts, depending and varying on cultural differences. The belief that gracious beings survive death in some form has profoundly influenced the thoughts, emotions, arts, scripts and actions of mankind. The belief occurs in all religions, past and present, and decisively condition the evaluations of man and his place in the universe.

Eli Lilly in India Essay

Eli Lilly and Company was started Mr. Col singlel Eli Lilly in 1876. During 1940-1985 it performed as one of the ahead(p) players in the US market. From the beginning the work has remained committed to scientific and care excellence. For the past several years the telephone line has continuously expanded in the health care and agricultural sector. During 1950s the subscriber line became export lie and in 1980s the great deal was execute as a no-hit global pharmaceutic company. In 1992 the slopped has its own manufacturing plants in 25 countries and its products were sold in more than 130 different countries.During the same termination several countries in Asia specifically India opted for liberalization policies where tax breaks were given and FDI was highly promoted. The product line organisation considered it as an opportunity and decided to perform clinical interrogation where it R&D (research and organic evolution) functional unit has contri hardlyed a agglome rate. Ranbaxy Laboratories The transmission line was started during the cristal of 1960s in India. It has consistently performed as serious research-oriented company which evolved as one of the leading pharmaceutical firm.During 1977 the billet was qualifyed into a international corporation with its broader scope, vision and leadership capabilities. For decades it has emphasized on the solitary pattern of effective marketing research some(prenominal) indigenously as rise up as internationally. Throughout 1990s it performed as the largest player in generic drugs in India. The competitive edge exists in the aptitude for chemical synthesis. The keen toll was also immensely lower as compare to that of USA. In USA on that point exists a strict quality laterality need therefore the business specifically relied on exporting its products in 47 different countries.The firm assumes to spend large amount on R&D in the nearest future. Eli Lilly in India Re sentiment the Joint mena ce strategy Q. 1 drawing on relevant academic sources, discuss the particular factors which lie behind the success of the Eli Lilly Ranbaxy international roast suppose (ELR IJV). Ans. detailed Success factors for Eli Lilly Ranbaxy International JV (Joint Venture) It all started in 1992 when Ranbaxy approached Eli Lilly in auberge to go into an agreement for supplying low cost pharmaceutical ingredients. Although Eli Lilly had suppliers India however it could non create fruitful relationship with them.During that period Ranbaxy was the largest exporter from India and the second largest exporter of pharmaceutic products lagging behind Glaxo SmithKline. Basically strategic thinkers at Ranbaxy analyzed that it Eli Lilly is the that pharmaceutical company which do not exist in India and Ranbaxy mass facilitate them by supply low cost material opus manufacturing some of the Eli Lilly products locally in India. It was a fine decision where Ranbaxy opted for promotion and sellin g and distributing products for Eli Lilly in India.Research findings depict that it started luckyly and top centering believed that there were lots of commonalities between some(prenominal) the companies. Mutually they were in favor of ethical standards, technological proficiencys, innovative ideas and distributing patented products in India. The act of charity revealed strong candid about their employees and affirmed on continuously performing for sustainable development and green provisions. Finally the JV ( pronounce venture) was signed in November 1992 and reflected the successful accomplishments from both(prenominal) the parts.Beyond doubt Eli Lilly deprivationed to extend its refer in Asia especially in India. It started with massive investment of $ 7. 1 one million million as authorized capital and $3 million as right-hand(a)(ip)fulness capital. During 1995 Eli Lilly decided to expand in generic products and went into an agreement with Ranbaxy unfortunately the business founded that it is an erroneous decision hence terminated agreement. Both the businesses resemble to to each one other in terms of leadership, vision, values and many more but generic requires strong learning curve and was considered different from the force business of operation.Mutual consensus during the initial phase The top forethought thought that it was the right decision and forecasted that about 200-300 million people dwelling in India belongs to the shopping mall class and go away be vent to determine the future of India. The depict question remained that why Eli Lilly gave more importance to India rather than Russia or china where it could have encourage expanded and fall ined its business aim. Moreover receivable to the lack of smart property rights and patent protection in India, most of the products of Eli Lilly were being manufactured and sold illegally.It required strategic thinking to grapple up with a sensitive product which can grasp the p recaution of the studyity of the population. furthermore most of the specialists and experts were unaware of the name therefore management decided to name the JV as Eli Lilly Ranbaxy JV which reflects the foreign taste. to the highest degree interesting fact revealed that both the businesses started from the scratch and worked for improving the pedestal of the business where Ranbaxy helped the business whenever they were confront with some sort of issues. The group worked 24/7 and expanded the workforce with come upon professionals.It had a very limited calculate therefore Eli Lilly excellently operated on economies of outdo and do the most from Ranbaxy dispersion placement. In the 1993, the business had more than 200 people working on systematically performing and expanding its real essence in India. It took assistance from one its office located in Geneva and established a seminal recruiting theme in order to as certain(prenominal) long-term employment relationship. Fu rthermore the business assured mod sales graduates that they leave alone be going to be promoted in the company and customized training programs were cook upd in accord with India.The business also developed a Red Book and mark up with its values of ethical code of conduct. They communicated both the positive and prohibit aspects of specific drugs and later on it helped them in building trust, faith and assurance of doctors in the company. Both the firms strictly think on the JV and on building personal relationships with each other rather than indulging in conflicts or politics. Both the businesses specialized in their core business with an upwards moving learning curve. Ranbaxy gained expertise in generic products and mean spot Eli Lilly center on innovation, creativity and discovery.The initial product that resulted through joint venture was human insulin but it faced major confrontations from formal institutions and government regulations and there were financial cons traints as well. There were regulatory issues and Indian government shoot the breeze substantial import duty. The government oblige price limitations and profits marge got shaken. Rather than opting for the localize strategy as it was adopted by Glaxo and Pfizer, the business went for niche marketing. Furthermore it could not launch some of its most valuable drugs in India because of the threats of poor intellectual property rights.It requires huge production substance whereas profit ratio was low. During the initial period Eli Lilly deployed its marketing capabilities around ii major groups. The business added momentous value to one of the off-patented drugs and emphasize on two world-class drugs where barriers to entry were high. The JV surpassed break-even in the end of 1996 and started earning profit. straits organizational changes During mid 1990s several changes were brought. It was one of the fastest ripening organizations and a demote model was structured to ins ca shbox stability.A proper SOP was formulated and the 50-50 partnership continued. Both sales and marketing functions were streamlined. The corporation hired McKinsey for management consultancy and identifies exploitation opportunities in India and showed consistency with the immense growth rate of 8% on annual basis. In order to understand into a major organization the business established a separate medical and regulatory function which operates in collaboration with the government to measure and give approval for specific drugs and the entire manufacturing serve. The beginning of a unexampled dimensionIt has been said that during 2001 the business outshined the overall Indian pharmaceutical perseverance growth rate. Some of the achievements are as follows Due to the JV Ranbaxy got famed worldwide and Eli Lilly established itself in India. It had a unique culture where employees of both the organizations never got cannibalized with each other. The growth rate further increas ed to 10% and major pharmaceutical corporations got further strengthened due to mergers and acquisitions. major firms focused on more profitable core businesses and divested non-core set of functions and operations. Eli Lilly achieved 12th postal service in the pharmaceutical industry however one its successful drugs got off-patented in 2001 and it started working on its potential products. Major changes took place in India and chinaware and the business came up with new strategies with proper evaluation and control system to overcome major issues. During the same period the management of Ranbaxy decided to transform into an international pharmaceutical company with the strong research-based platform. It went into JV with other firms in Canada, United States and Ireland. Ranbaxy further considered China, Russia, United Kingdom and USA as major foreign markets.Due to quick expansion throughout the globe it faced financial issues and the business found sudden decline in its gold flows and it started thinking for dissolving its JV with Eli Lilly. Ranbaxy considered itself as a global firm and said that it has participated at its utmost to create value for Eli Lilly in India. The JV revealed that it has achieve world-class sales management process. They further penetrated into valuable directions and key areas like diabetes, oncology, and expertise in clinical trials in accordance with international standards. Moreover the entire workforce performs with high caliber and confidence.Numerous changes in Ranbaxy after JV Ranbaxy (2010) instigated that the business experienced major changes after the JV and explored new market in different dimensions of NCS (new chemical entities) and NDDS (novel drug actors line system) mainly related to Urology, respiratory problems and formulated a plan for further expansion in developed countries specifically in UK and USA till 2012. It further went into mergers, acquisitions, JV and alliances in Brazil, China, southeastwar d America, Germany, Spain, and Canada with MNCs like Bayer, Glaxo SmithKline, Ohm, Aventis and many more.It was successful in establishing global presence. Some of the learning factors were as follows Major attempts were made to increase the productivity and the business came up with breakthrough advancements and minimized R&D cost. It brand image was further promoted when it introduced important drugs to contest against malaria. It achieved economies of scale and successfully produced effective drugs at low cost and developing economies could grease ones palms them in an affordable manner. It remained adaptive to the industry pattern, invested heavily in R&D.It mostly got benefited due to low material and labor cost in India and patented several chemical compounds in developed countries. The business attained technological expertise, successful culture and further diversified into laboratory test business and conducted clinical trials in Mumbai, Bangalore and many more. It est ablished 2000 centers throughout South Asia. It further entered into service business and facilitated companies by testing a new product and provided approval for ingredients, manufacturing processes and the entire products. The business gained competitive edge in generic products. It was considered as the 7th largest growing corporation in the world. It gained expertise in distribution network, finance and different processes in the pharmaceutical industry. Q. 2 assesses the alternative options open to senior management on the future of the ELR IJV and press how you think they should proceed. Ans. Alternative Strategic options In order to further promote the collaborative performance between both the companies, the top management came up with the strategic thinking option.The business essential formulate a problem force which can look inside the future direction. However it must(prenominal) include top management from both the firms rather than involving key military unit fr om the JV so that day-to-day operations can be performed. In this way important scenarios can be developed and implemented. More significantly it was assumed that Ranbaxy was going to divest its JV with Eli Lilly. It was also highlighted that Ranbaxy favored to sell-out the business and it will generate funds to further expand the portfolio of Ranbaxy but Eli Lilly considered it as a negative option.The business further decides to invest a lot in R&D. More importantly the expanding and research work will specifically focus on cancer, infectious diseases, diabetes and cardiovascular problems. The clinical trials will be further assisted by the ministry o health. More importantly the business might go public in the nearest future. cardinal Analyses Eli Lilly faced difficulties and barriers to entry while expanding in South Asia especially in India. It could not understand the culture, socio-economic factors, and political influences in the country.Despite of being know among the lar gest pharmaceutical companies in USA, it was considered as a mere business in India. Therefore the business opted for joint venture with any domestic company. Major Challenges There were numerous challenges being faced by the business The business has continuously faced intellectual property rights Eli Lilly faced lots of difficulties while establishing a positive relationship with the government of India. Indian government imposed price limitations and heavy import duty was imposed. The R&D cost was increasing day by day Competition was getting intensifier and more organizations were entering in the industry It took huge time for new product approval which further increased the development time India join WTO and from 2005 onwards it further strengthened the patent protection rights specifically pertaining to pharmaceutical products and FDI (foreign direct investment) was also highly promoted. Gradually due to intensive contest and due to increase in number of major players in the pharmaceutical industry, the growth rate decreased and lots of mergers and acquisitions took place.During 2004-2005 it further implied stern control on patent protection. India flourished as an emerging economy which can greatly add value to pharmaceutical products. These all forced both the companies to consider the JV and individual strategies. Recommendation It seemed that both the sides looked for win situation. Eli Lilly tried to establish its authoritative style over Ranbaxy. The business focused in gaining its presence in India. On the other hand Ranbaxy purely focused on generating more profits and further expanding itself globally and becoming an international corporation.It seems that both were looking for their own benefits and they were not concerned about the other party. It seemed that Ranbaxy was more egotistical and wanted to undergo a transactional relationship with Eli Lilly for a certain period of time and decided to negate its agreements once reaching th e pinnacle. In order to maintain mutual consent and undergo successful joint venture, several recommendations have been provided First of all both the parties must overlap the benefits and have the authority to control different tasks. Rather than relying on core business the business must diversify into strategic areas and functions. The JV must counteract the shortening product life cycle due to advancement in technology and competition. It must transform threats in opportunities while destroying barriers and speeding-up the process of product introduction. The business strategy must be integrated with the incorporated strategy to accomplish goals through shared values. There must be high commitment and cross-cultural understanding between both the parties. Eli Lilly must invest in establishing strict control due to poor intellectual rights.The formal institutions in India lack the concept of liberal education and technological advancements. Therefore the business must set benchmark and promote sustainable development while contributing into technological advancements. Indian government has ever so ruled over MNCs and global corporations. If MNCs and global corporations opt for FDI then India impose the sanction that that the MNC must share 5030 ratio in profit. It is really difficult for international firms to enter into India and Eli Lilly need to compromise if they want to under-go market access in India.They need to invest in infrastructure and must contribute to the national exchequer in terms of tax. The business must emphasize on CSR and opt equal opportunity among both the genders and must respect the integrity of individuals. Successful joint venture results into long-term relationships. In order to transform into a successful long-term joint venture between two massive organizations they need to adapt to the in a higher place recommendations. Conclusion It can be concluded that it was not a holistic loom. Rather than a proactive approach it was a reactive approach.They had not adopted the principle centered paradigm. Nevertheless both the businesses performed successfully in their core business. Ranbaxy advanced itself in generic products and gained competitive advantage and Eli Lilly prospered in the direction of innovation, technological advancement and adopted vigilant strategic thinking scheme. In order to further transform in the long-term development both the businesses must aid each other, surface key issues, formulate effective solutions and come up strategic direction where both can perform and move hand in hand. References Sage Pulication. (2005).Negotiating and Designing an Alliance. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from http//www. sagepub. com/upm-data/12290_Chapter_3. pdf provide by Google Docs Ranbaxy. (2010). Ranbaxy World. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from http//docs. google. com/viewer? a=v&q=cacheNrn9UEPrl5AJwww. ranbaxy. com/annualreports/newsletter-2010-ranbaxy-world. pdf+assessing+alternatives+to+Eli+Lil ly+Rabaxy+Joint+Venture&hl=en&gl=pk&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShyidoDL1vRW7be29h-Qph0U-59nuHIR-_IrhUW1sJ-ZyblNqb-AzBDUg27j4SU_J_GISMExbHLQN0D1HB5VQCBhlroFuaSFxVIojVhRQWLT8pFXWx9qHuMfbAa92fpncoQ7oO_&sig=AHIEtbTU-0Tw2vxYx8AwIHR4SjOtdhXgEA

Personal Experience Speech Essay

oecumenic Purpose To informSpecific Purpose To let the audience notice how I dealt with losing my go to drugs.Central Idea My perplex was raised by drug addict and alcoholic, left Israel for better life and still followed raven the wrong path.INTRODUCTIONI. Attention MaterialA. Do you know any genius who has dishless their loved ones to drugs?B. Eight course of instructions ago I lost my mother to a long battle with drugs.II. Orienting MaterialA. There atomic number 18 more than 22 million Americans ages 12 and older addicted to drugs.B. When I lost my mother it not only affected my life entirely the lives of the heap that surrounded us.BODYI. My mother was abandoned by her mother Israel.A.My mom tried to get a better life merely drugs too powerful.B. My grandmother died year before I was born, my mom died year before my daughter born. II. I tried to help my mom the high hat I could.A. There are many programs available for addicts and the people who are affected.B. Be w illing to let them know you love and support them. demonstrationI. SummaryA. Drugs affect not only the user but the people surrounding them.B. When helping an addict you have to be willing to help them and not treat them as a child. They have a very problem.II. ClincherA. I always knew I would lose my mother one day but not as soon as I did.B. I pray every day that no one has to touch the loss that my family has. My family is a blessing and so was my mother.

Chinese Philosophy Essay Essay

Three argonas of school of thought emerged amidst the chaos and constant contend of the Zhou era. The three were called Confucianism, Daoism, and legalism. They were Chinese philosophies that were theme to be the top hat slip instruction to rule and achieve order in the society. Confucianism believed that a rulers job was to set a good example, and not order. Since hoi polloi were thought of as naturally good, they would following the right path based on their own conscience. Legalism was a more harsh way of ruling, led by Hanfeizi. They thought people were evil, and needed strict laws and punishment to keep them in line.Daoism was very different from either of the otherwise two. It was led by Laozi, who taught that the best kind of government was one who governed the least. They allowed things to simply take their natural dividing line and work themselves out. Although both Daoism and legalism were working philosophies, Confucianism was the most effective in obtaining order. At the time of the three philosophies, Ancient mainland China was in a sound out of complete chaos. The duration of anarchy was named The Warring States Period, a period in which small feuding kingdoms or fiefdoms struggled for supremacy.It took place in the Zhou dynasty from 403 bc. to 221bc. The period was reign by seven or more small feuding Chinese kingdoms. It was the while of Confucian thinkers Mencius and Xunzi, and the time when m whatsoever of the government institutions and cultural patterns that would characterize China for the next 2,000 years were established. Legalism achieved what all the other philosophies strove for, unification of China. The Qin Dynasty, operating chthonic the Legalist philosophy, finally unified China in 221 BC. Legalism was a success. However, the Qin Dynasty dissolved precisely 14 years after its founding.The Qin emperor was ruthless in his use of Legalism, punishing even small crimes with decapitation or the neediness of a hand or foot. Han Feizi, legalisms founder, did not believe in progressing the keep of the people. He aroused Those who atomic number 18 ignorant about government insistently say Win the hearts of the people (Document H). To uphold his beliefs books and scholars which held beliefs against Legalism (such as Confucianism) were destroyed. The people were heavily taxed and forced into labor on major government projects. He successfully put the fear and respect of the law and government into the people, tho it was too much.After his death, peasant rebellions caused the end of Legalism as the ruling philosophy of China. The harshness of the Legalist Qin would be remembered afterwards, and in response the following dynasty, the Han, distanced itself from Legalism and made Confucianism the authorized philosophy. Daoism adds spirituality to the otherwise melancholy world of Chinese philosophy. The quote get a line to relief cleave the uncarved block Diminish self and go for desires (Document G) is a perfect example of the views held by Daoist followers. Its teachings appealed to those who wished to withdraw from the politics and illusion of society.Daoisms plans of harmony and relativity make a lot of soul even today. The idea of using nature as the model, which people way up to, is reflected in the religion. Because of its anti-society attitude, Daoism obviously never made its way into any systems of government. It survived among the private citizens and to this day, Daoist monks still exist in China. Daoism was founded by Laozi in the ordinal century BC. His teachings were passed down orally before they were compiled in the third century BC in a book called the Classic of the Way and Its Power. Dao convey way. It is understood that the Dao is the underlying pattern of the universe, which rump neither be exposit in words nor conceived in thought. The goal of Daoism is to bring all elements of existence- heaven, earth, and man- into harmony. To be in accordance with the Dao, the various(prenominal) must empty himself of doctrines and knowledge, act with simplicity and humility, and above all seek Nature. The idea of turning to Nature for recreation and harmony had a great effect on East Asian lasts, especially in the arts, where idealized and imaginary landscapes and natural art forms argon profoundly linked to the beliefs of Daoism.At first, Confucianism was unsuccessful and Confucius, during his lifetime only managed to pull a few followers. After his death, however, his followers passed on the Confucian tradition. It survived, with a few changes, to the Han dynasty (221 BC) and became established as Chinas official philosophy. From past it was firmly well established in Chinese culture, and its values can still be seen today. The Five Classics of Confucianism were works from the Zhou Dynasty, which preceded the Warring States Period. They were pile up and edited by members of the originalConfucian school.After Confucianism became the official state philosophy, one had to know the philosophy well in order to gain the coveted position of government official. The Analects are a appealingness of sayings by Confucius, recorded by his disciples. As a result, the Analects are not a widespread proposal of Confucianism. Rather, it is a collection of quotations and stories. Because of this, Confucianism correspond to Confucius is open to interpretation. The main idea of the philosophy is, righteousness, relationships and generosity towards others.Since the time of the Han dynasty (206 CE) quaternity life passages have been recognized and regulated by Confucian tradition. in that respect are approximately 6 million Confucians in the world. About 26,000 pop off in North America almost all of the remainder are found doneout China and the rest of Asia. In Chinese tradition, filial piety was the key occupation. In one of Confucious analects he stated, The winner man while his parents are alive, reverently nourishe s them and when they are dead, reverently sacrifices to them.His headman thought is how, to the end of life, not to disgrace them (Document B). Being a filial son meant absolute obedience to ones parents during their lifetime and as they grew older, taking the best possible care of them. After their death the eldest son was required to perform ritual sacrifices at their gravesite or in the ancestral temple. A son could also express his devotion to his parents by passing the Civil Service examinations, winning prestige for the whole family. nearly important of all, a son had to make sure that the family line would be continued.Dying without a son therefore was one of the worst offenses against the concept of filial piety. If a marriage remained barren, it was a sons duty to take a second wife or adopt a child in order to continue the family. Since Chinese women became part of their conserves family through with(predicate) marriage, filial conduct for a woman meant reliably serv ing her in-laws, in particular her mother-in-law, and giving birth to a son. By fulfilling these duties, she also gained prestige for her own family.If the mother and daughter-in-law did not get along, filial piety demanded that a man should get rid of his wife in order to please his mother. He could always get another wife, merely he would only have one mother. These social rules in the culture helped in the unification of families in China Some might consider that Daoism and Legalism were more efficient ways of acquiring harmony. Legalism was the most effective way of governing a society. The legalist tradition derives from the principle that the best way to go for human behavior was through written law rather than through ritual, custom or ethics.The legalist tradition was derived from the principle that the best way to chasteness human behavior was through written law rather than through ritual, custom or ethics. Daoism shaped Chinese life for more than 2,000 years. Daoism dictated emphasis upon individual freedom and impulsiveness, non-interventionist government and social primitivism and ideas of self-transformation, and so represents in some(prenominal) ways the reverse of Confucian concern with individual moral duties, community standards, and governmental responsibilities.Both philosophies add up many pros, but fall short of Confucianisms vast accomplishments. The inner terminus of Confucianism was reformist, idealistic, and spiritual. It generated a high ideal for family interaction members were to treat each other with love, respect, and consideration for the needs of all. The school of thought founded by Confucius has had the biggest impact on Chinese culture. It has lasted throughout the ages and literally pulled the Han Dynasty out of ruin and chaos. Even to this day, the fascinate of Confucianism can be espied in many matters of China.

The Impact of Scale on Francesco Borromini’s Sac Carlo Alle

San Carlo Quattro Fontane, known in fashionable speech as San Carlino in reference to its underage size, is Roman Catholic Church reinforced between 1638- 1648 by an Architect named Francesco Borromini from Ticino, precursor to the innovational day Switzerland. San Carlo Quattro Fontane is located in Rome, Italy on the crossing of Strada Felice and Via Pia was built originally for the Spanish Trinitarians as an extension of their already existing monastery .San Carlo alle Quattro Fontanne is a lot considered Borrominis most iconic masterpiece of Baroque computer architecture for his contact use of undulating surfaces, pure mathematical forms and conforming geometrical shaping. San Carlo is significantly scurvy given the magnitude of baroque constructed during Borrominis time further does this check San Carlos architectural effect and impact as a categorize baroque form of architecture? Francesco Borromini was a st cardinal mason by trade and st maneuvered off as a stone mas on in his archeozoic career.Under directions of his father, he was sent to Milan for perfecting his skills in stone cutting when he was introduced to the craft of architecture be radical moving to Rome in the early 1600s and started work for his distant relative and architect, Carlo Maderno. Only after Madernos death did Borromini became acquainted with the great Gian Bernini. Bernini became Borrominis great friend and divergener as they worked on projects such Madernos Palazzo Barberini and the Baldachin in Saint dicks Cathedral.Bernini was impressed with Borrominis novel formulation of architectural detail, something he has greatly perfected as a stonemason. The pair would become un piddled influences of the Italian baroque movement in Rome of the 1600s in call up of Pope Sixtus V s Roma in forma sideris plan of Rome. contradictory Berninis character traits of being able to please aristocratic and the powerful, Borromini was a lonely, withdrawn man who looked to become an i ndependent architect who prided himself on his specialise training and gained the most modest degree of recognition.As a Result Borromini began to part ways, both stylistically and personally, with Bernini and set round finding his own projects. On Borrominis later works, Bernini criticized Borromini in abandoning the anthropomorphic nature in create design. At the time it was argued that building proportions should be derived from the proportion of the body of a man, the proportions of the Vitruvian man (as seen below), as it was argued that the proportions of the man was modeled in the image of God.Boromini however believed in the science of mathematics and how the idea of geometry and nature being inseparably connected, much like what Gallaleo wrote about, and he tries to bring visible light and figure to the fore of his air. After being commissioned by the Cardinal Francesco Barberini of the Spanish Trinitarians, Borrominis first independent commission, Borromini departs f rom the orthodox interpretations of antiquity and takes up his own style in reference to his ideals on geometry and mathematical proportions. As a matter of Borrominis freedom to create in the image of his ideals, San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane has elements of unparalleled spacial complexity and Curvilinear Facades. The entire exterior window dressing of the church is an utilization of Borrominis predilection for convex and concave forms which creates an undulating surface which transforms the movement of the facade from static to highly dynamic, or as observers would observe, almost like a wave.In addition to the curvilinear form the front of the church, the front facade is divided into two stories by projecting cornices and laterally divided by quaternary ionic columns with capitals. The main body of the church is an undulating ovular perform with a ovular dome and a lantern on top of it to let light into the body, just like oculus in the pantheon. However the basic opinio n of the plan does not derive from an oval but from the main prow of the order of religion, The Spanish Trinitarians, which believes in the holy trinity.The plan and direction of the church is orientated based on the diagram below where the holy trinity, symbolized as the triangle is put back to back to form a rhombus shape. This diamond shape is then inscribed on the outside reservation an oval shape, the shape of the main body of the church. Within this oval shape two circles are drawn and from those circles lines can be drawn from one point to another from the church and thus making those lines the direction of the architecture . The interior of the church can be vertically divided into threesome principal arts of the cast down order at background knowledge level, the alteration zone of the pendentives and the ovular dome with its oval shaped lantern. Dividing the lower part of the church to the upper part is again the occurrence of undulating lines preceding(prenominal) the ionic columns which envelop the lower part of the church. The ovular dome shape is made of interconnected squares, crosses, hexagons and octagons which diminish in size as they mature up towards the oval shaped lantern which allows natural light to pass in and dramatize the all white interior of the church.The scale of the church is relatively small compared to the monumental likes of grand architecture such as the spot di San Pietro by Bernini, as it was noted that the size of the San Carlo Church can suffer in the one of the dome columns at Saint Peters basilica However Borromini exploration with small buildings on complicated ground planes which presented, often, irregular spaces, led to a brand-new form of architectural bearing which was extremely radical at the time.His ability to maintain architectural champion with the use of curvilinear of both the interior and exterior of the church, along with the sort of classical components from ancient Greece, highlights the significance of the San Carlino Church as a new form which broke away from the contemporary architecture which mainly derived from Vitruvius ideals, seen widely expressed during that time period.However such a radical change in contemporary architecture at the time was too radical and Borrominis work was met with critical harshness. Due to his poor critical response from art and architecture critiques at the time, he received very little sycophancy during his life and consequently didnt receive as many opportunities to create such as the likes of his old colleague Bernini and often worked for religious orders rather than the papal church.Thus arriving at my opinion that if Borromini was given the chance to design on a much larger scale for example the papal church, his architectural forms and thinking would have been taken more serious and thought about more and would have no doubt had greater influences on architecture which preceded it. Due to the lack of funding of his projec ts, the scale of San Carlo all Quattro Fontane was extremely small yet it was packed with such elegance and adorned with such detail. In my opinion if improvements could be made, the location and the scale of the church couldve further highlighted the architectural genius of Borromini.

Economic system in Malaysia Essay

cite and evaluate the nature of scotch system in Malaysia. Discuss the principle of Malaysias sparingal system in terms of utility maximization attainment and pricing mechanism for distribution of goods and services.Kenal pasti dan nilai bentuk sistem ekonomi di Malaysia. Bincangkan rasional-rasional sistem ekonomi Malaysia dari segi pencapaian pemaksimuman utiliti dan mekanisme penetapan harga untuk pengedaran barang-barang dan perkhidmatan.Malaysia is a federal perfect monarchy which lies in Southeast Asia. It is composed of 13 states and 3 federal territories and free by the South China Sea into 2 regions including Peninsular Malaysia and Malayan Borneo. The kingdom became independent on 31 August 1957. Since then, it has been able to be as one of countries which gravel the best economic records in Asia, and it has been progressing with an amount 6.5% for almost 50 years. From 1971 to 1990, the judicature strived to eradicate poverty by saucily Economy pull in _or _ system of political science (NEP) and outline perspective plan 1(OPP1). The NEP policy was replaced with another(prenominal) program known as field of study Development Program (NDP) from 1991 to 2000 which the NDP take was outgrowth of a united and skilful society. From 2001 to 2010, internal Vision Policy (NVP) based on its station which was sustainable development performed. In arrangement to hand long-term plans targets should medium term plans (EPU) and improvident term plans (Annual planning) accurately plan and perfectly perform.According Malaysia economic Monitor, decli land 2013 Edition High-Performing Education by The World deposit, The Malaysian rescue cured from a soft patch in early 2013 with growth accelerating in the midst of the second and third backsides of the year. On a sequential basis, gross domestic product expanded at a quarter-on-quarter, annualized rate of 6.8 per cent over the antecedent quarter, up from 5.8 per cent in the second quarte r and a muscular contraction of 1.1 per cent in the head start quarter. This left real GDP high by 5.0 per cent in the third quarter of 2013 from the same stoppage in 2012, with growth for the first nine months of the year at 4.5 per cent. emergence over the past two quarters came in lower than previous forecasts mainly due to a more negativecontribution from inventories and exports, piece of music consumption performed better than expected and import growth lagged. As a result, GDP growth is now expected to moderate from 5.6 per cent in 2012 to 4.5 per cent in 2013.Growth was driven by robust refinement in private field consumption and green shoots in away contain, reflected in large contributions from the services and manufacturing sectors. Sectors catering to domestic demand especi all in ally services, contributed 3.1 percentage points to total GDP growth. Within services, the largest contributions came from government services, retail stack and real estate and busin ess services. Net exports contributed positively to growth for the first time in two years in the third quarter, musical accompaniment growth in the manufacturing sector, which contributed another 1.0 percentage point to GDP growth. crosswise East Asia, the accomplishment of the Malaysian economy followed a pattern seen in most other regional economies where a weak first quarter was followed by sequential improvements. Notable exceptions were Indonesia and the Philippines, where growth decelerated through with(predicate)out the year.Malaysia has achieved significant economic and hearty progress over the past several decades. However, the world economy is changing, and Malaysia needs a fundamentally brand-new economic model in order to become a high-income community. Our historical growth engines argon slowing, we happen being caught in a middle-income trap, our fiscal position is arguably unsustainable fleck global competition for merchandises, great(p) and talent is incre asingly intense. Thus the government commence the Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) represents a marked flip in approach that builds on the Tenth Malaysia Plan and input from the National Economic Advisory Council (NEAC).The ETP focuses on key growth engines or National Key Economic Areas (NKEAs). It relies heavily on private sector-led growth, describes very ad hoc investments and policy actions and has a clear transparent implementation roadmap with strong performance management. This strong economic performance has helped improve the quality of life for Malaysians and nurture advances in education, health, infrastructure, housing and public amenities. There are three factors to be considered for these strong economic performances which are high income economy, inclusiveness and sustainability.The government activity defines high income as a per capita income USD15, 000 or RM48, 000 in 2020, based on the World Banks current definition of high income. Malaysias per capita gross national income (GNI) is currently about RM23, 700 or USD6, 700. Therefore, achieving high-income situation by 2020 leave request GNI to grow at an annual real growth rate of 6 percent between 2011 and 2020.The Governments high-income objective is not just a quantitative target. It is also about Malaysia becoming an advanced, developed nation with an economy possessing the characteristics that are common to developed nations. Specifically, Malaysia impart focus on developing large and thriving services sector to supplement the nations historical strengths in oil and gas, agriculture and manufacturing.Developing balance economy with significant contributions from private consumption and investment as hale as from government spending and exports. In developed countries domestic demand typically accounts for 50 to 70 percent of GDP. In Malaysia it is currently 53 percent and productivity levels similar to those of other leading Asian economies. Achieving this allow for req uire developing an economy that is more heavily driven by skills, innovation and knowledge. These three structural shifts in the economy will support Malaysias on-going growth and will enable Malaysia to compete more effectively with other developed nations in the region and beyond.The way in which Malaysia grows to achieve this high-income target will be inclusive in nature, enabling all Malaysians to share in the benefits. The Government will encourage employment-rich growth that creates new higher-wage jobs. We will also invest in education and training to witness that more Malaysians are able to record in these new opportunities. A key focus will be on ensuring that substantial improvements are made for people with the lowest household incomes. Specific attention will be paid to lifting the incomes of the bottom 40 percent of households, with a target of increasing the mean monthly income of this group from RM1, 440 in 2009 to RM2, 300 in 2015, as verbalise in the Tenth Mala ysia Plan.The measures we take to achieve high-income status must be sustainable in both(prenominal) economic and environmental terms, meeting present needs withoutcompromising those of future generations. In economic terms, growth will have to be achieved without running down Malaysias natural resources. Malaysia will not achieve high-income status simply through the income derived from extracting Malaysias natural resources. In addition, Malaysias fiscal policy will be made sustainable. There will be a oftentimes stronger focus on investment led by private sector that will avoid reliance on government funding.As stated in the Tenth Malaysia Plan, the Government is committed to reduce its fiscal dearth from 7 percent in 2009 to 3 percent in 2015. In environmental terms, the Government is committed to the stewardship and preservation of our natural environment and non-renewable resources. The Government will ensure that environmental resources are properly priced and that the ful l be of development are understood before investment decisions are made.In Malaysia, government had been set up few policies and agencies to promote the industrial sector to the outside investors and encourage domestic and overseas investment grow up. With promoting industrialization and capital inflow from foreign investment, it will boost up the economic growth and with the policies should ensure that Malaysias rapid development towards achieving National Economic Policy and Vision 2020. Malaysia has reached a defining moment in its development path. Vision 2020 is not possible without economic, social and government transformation. To move the country forward, the government has crafted a framework comprising pillars to drive change.Government has few adjunct polices that maintain a business environment with opportunities for growth and profits have made Malaysia an attractive manufacturing and export base in the region. The private sector in Malaysia has become partners wit h the public sector in achieving the nations development objectives. There are three main supportive government policies such as liberal justice policy, employment of expatriates, and attractive valuate incentives (Siew Ee et al., 1987). Liberal equity policy is the policy to allow foreign investors in Malaysias manufacturing sector can hold 100% equity for all investment in new projects, as well as investment in expansion or diversification projects by existent companies irrespective of their level of exports.Employment of expatriates is one of the supportive government policies for foreign companies in the manufacturing sector are allowed to employ expatriates where certain skill not available in Malaysia. With a foreign company paid-up capital above USD 2 million will be allowed up to 10 expatriate posts including five key posts that are permanently filled by foreigners. Malaysias government offer a low company tax rate is attractive at 27% and is applicable to both occupier a nd non-resident companies. Malaysia also offers a wide range of tax incentives for manufacturing projects under the procession of Investment Act 1986 and the Income Tax Act 1967. The main incentives are the start Status, Investment Tax Allowance, Reinvestment Allowance Incentives for the Setting-up of International/ Regional Service- based Operations.An economic system is the combination of the various agencies, and entities that provide the economic structure that defines the social community. Malaysia has adopting mixed economic systems. Mixed economic system is an economy where on that point is more government intervention than in a free grocery store economy. Many of the activities of production, distribution, and exchange are undertaken by central government, but where at that place is more economic freedom for the individual than in a dominance economy. Mixed economy is also an economic system in which both the state and private sector direct the economy, thus reflecting characteristics of both market economies and planned economies. Most mixed economies can be described as market economies with strong regulatory oversight, in addition to having a shape of government-sponsored aspects.The Elements of a mixed economy is basically to include a categorization of freedoms such as to possess means of production like farms, factories, stores, to participate in managerial decisions in cooperative and participatory economics, to travel (needed to send out all the items in commerce, to make deals in person, for workers and owners to go to where needed), to buy the items for in-person use, for resale buy whole enterprises to make the organization that creates wealth a form of wealth itself), to sell (same as buy), to hire (to create organizations that create wealth), to burn down (to maintain organizations that create wealth), to organize (private enterprise for profit, labor unions, workers and professionalassociations, non-profit groups, religions, et c.), to beam (free speech, newspapers, books, advertisements, make deals, create business partners, create markets).

Global Resource Dividend

Pogge argues that the creation pauperisation is mor every(prenominal)y required and that we fail to conform to our negative duties relating the spherical shortsighted. However, Pogges advisability on the theme of the global exiguity is non unplayful for moral problem just now this soak up bequeath be discussed roughly opposite sentence on a different paper. Poggie pays three main approaches to the global p overty to convince population to let them jockey that poverty is bad and that race mustiness(prenominal) set actions to go against the poverty.The three approaches ar 1) the effects of sh ard institutions, 2) uncompensated animadversion from the white plague of natured resources 3) the effects of a common and violent history and they argon all compatible with each other. They basically require that let on finish up nation atomic number 18 responsible to brand actions to suck worsenedned attain masses break up. Throughout this essay, I result b e defending and snap on the view of injustice of stalk un a expose careness which not unaccompanied does it exist but also is unjust. This view goes with the Second approach, which is compatible with redeems, and the alight of the approaches leave alone be left for another time. scantiness is avoidable but on that point are galore(postnominal) moral reasons we can pr planet or limit the poverty that we create on earth less. Radical discrimination and accountability are ruin of the many reasons why people face poverty in the dry land. Pogge gives five elements of the radical distinction, which each are be below. 1) The worse- finish up are very(prenominal) badly pip in absolute footh champion-time(a)- People who belong to this term are not comparable to anybody. They are extremely bad absent. They almost have no access to anything wellnesscare, pabulum, etc which turn over to a death. Why do we have such big groups of people in this term?First, beca usance of the government, institutions and the people themselves. Government does not support those pal essay people as much as they should. Government does not erect wellness care for this people. Government does not give enough food for this people. Government does not call for enough actions to become powerful. Why? Because the leading get the money and be bettor eat up by themselves. non solitary(prenominal) does the government affects this poverty but also the people have no motivation to become soften off. Since their lives are horrifying, some people give up on their lives and become unmotivated. ) They are also very badly off in relative term-Africa is an example of this term, which they are worse off than America. nigh kids are born in a sad family and they continue to be pitiful for the rest of their lives in Africa. Because of the parents are poor, they codt usually do break away than how their parents do. Kids are unable to go to school to get an education, which a n education is actually the key to a better life. Since they acceptt get a chance to go to school, kids sound under harsh conditions in absolute terms.Whereas, the kids in the US are better off than those in Africa. They go to college, get an education and try to achieve success. They have the base for a better life. However, the kids in Africa dont even have the base to live better off. 3) The inequality is impervious it is difficult or impossible for the worse-off substantially to improve their attractor and most of the better-off never experience life at the bottom for even a few months and have no vivid idea of what it is like to live in that way (Pogge, pg 60)- This is very dead on target.First, nothing improves rapidly, usually bribes original time to become better. Africa is the example of that as well. If Africa gets a donation on the amount of preventing its poverty, it doesnt incriminate they will totally become a better off nation. They will more likely face the po verty again in the next few years. In order to discover this term, the better off people should imagine putting themselves in worse off peoples situation and think how it would be like for them. For example, my father was in a worse off life when he was very young. He had 4 sisters and a brother.My grandmother elevated all of them by herself since my grandfather passed away at an age of 33. They were all raised in poverty. My dad hated to live in that situation so he tried so hard to get over that horrible poverty. My dad everlastingly tells his young life story to us which he would go mountains to pick some onions and sell it to the people at the market. Poverty is avoidable, it in one point depends on the person whether he will walk forward or stay poor. Therefore, from my fathers true story, I kind of have sense of how bad the poverty is and that we must come in our positive concern. ) The inequality is pervasive it concerns not merely some aspects of life, such as the clima te or access to natural peach or high culture, but most aspects or all. (Poggie, pg 60) 5) The inequality is avoidable the better off can improve the circumstances of the worse-off without suitable badly-off themselves. . (Poggie, pg 60). Yes, the inequality is avoidable. However, people who have a better life than those worse-off should take responsibility to make worse off a better off. all(prenominal) human kind should live fairly. There should not be inequality among us.For example, today I was in my Environmental Studies class and at that place was the feature that Canada has 0. 5% of the worlds population but uses 20% of the worlds fresh body of water. On the other hand, China owns 19% of the worlds population and uses 7% of the worlds fresh water. We unimpeachably can see the inequality here that makes Pogges fifth element of radical inequality accurate. Radical inequality not single does it exist, but also it is unjust. According to Pogges research, among six one mi llion million million human beings, 790 million lack adequate nutrition, one billion lack access to safe water, 2. billion lack basic sanitation and 2 hundred and fifty million children who are between 5-14 years gaga work under harsh or cruel conditions. (Pogge, pg 60). Pogge gives twain ways of conceiving global poverty, which are positive duty and negative duty. haughty duty is basically when we think that we must make actions for others whereas negative duty is we must not make actions for others. If we are better off, we have to follow the positive duty to make others who are worse off to make them better off without bother ourselves.In Africa, some people dont even have an access to fresh water whereas we, in the US, crazy the fresh water a volume by not penetrating its beneficent value. Instead of wasting that valuable water, why dont we let those worse off use it? We are all bread and butter under the same idol, thus we have to live evenly. However, some will thin k, why should I have to help a stranger and give away from my own life to soul who doesnt belong to me at all? This is not the case and that the person is violating the positive duty. Helping someone in need is not just helping we make a whole difference to his life.If we put ourselves in that persons shoes cant drink fresh water, no opportunity to work, always stay starving, always distressed, cant even sleep restfully, and so much more negative things, it is totally horrible and no one would want to live in that situation. Therefore, the stranger or whatever is not the case. We have to make actions for poor to make them better off by thinking what if it was we who lived in that situation. Radical inequality is unjust and it is wrong. The better off people have been taken more than their fair plowshare.If there is a full of diamond in aspect the cave and that doesnt belong to anybody, the better off try to take all of them, instead assay to share with other worse off people. I t doesnt mean that they cant take what they want, but they also have to leave some for others as well so that the other people can live better than living worse off. In that way, the worse will not be living unjustly badly off. A better off and a worse off stand in front of the giant boxwood with a full of jewelries and that the better off grabs them all, giving nothing to a worse off.The rich guy will detect it and die at the end by only living better off by himself. The worse off ends up starving and suffering. Instead of that, if the better off also gives some from the jewelries to the worse off, accordingly he will keep the poor from suffer and starvation by not hurting himself. Therefore, if someone is not meet worse off himself, then he must make actions to share with the worse off. Radical Inequality exists all over the world and it is bad. The people in Bengali suffer from hunger or chronic undernutrition because they cannot grow or buy enough food to meet their basic nee ds.In addition, those people suffer from chronic malnutrition, which is a deficiency of protein that makes them fatigued and vulnerable to diseases. Due to that, 250,000-500,000 children who are younger than 6 years old go blind every year because of a lack of Vitamin A and more than half of those kids die after a year. On the other hand, 68% of the Americans are overweight and they have problems with overnutririon, which happens ascribable to an excessive sinew use, or body fat. In the world, approximately, 925 million people have health problems because of not enough nutrition, whereas about 1. billion people face health problems because they get excessive nutrition and fat. Therefore, those who are under overnutrition die due to heart diseases, stroke etc. The injustice of the inequality is definitely shown in this example and we can see how bad it is. Instead, why not overnutrition people make actions for those undernutrition people, because the overnutrition people are not hurting or becoming worse off by themselves but helping to get healthier. This is the part of the current situations that are taking place in the world and is unjust.I am going to convince you by giving my claim that why you should give away to the worse off to make them better off. It is the responsibility of the better offs to make worse off to live better and the better off people must consider this seriously. Since the better off owns what is not owned by anybody by not leaving some for the worse off, then they must take responsibiltity for the worse off or take only some from their fair shares. Why judge a poor by lazy? People in Africa are not lazy but they do not have the base to live better.Due to the famine, a lot of people get serious diseases and become disabled to work. It doesnt mean they are lazy to work. They dont get enough health care to prevent their diseases or have good hospitals that make treatments for them. Africa doesnt even get enough access to a freshwater for all their citizens. Whereas, people in Canada, America waste the water while light touch their tooth, having shower, or even watering their gardens. As I mentioned above, Canada owns only 0. 5% of the worlds population but uses 20% of the worlds fresh water.Instead, people in Canada must take responsibility to expurgate their use of fresh water and let the worse off use it efficiently. People in well-developed countries just dont really know the value of the water and also because the government does not charge the water with its external costs, people think that the water is there all the time they need and they dont have to care much as how people in Africa values it. If one family in America saves their use of water by only 20%, it will give 10 families an access to a freshwater in Africa.A little action makes a huge difference. Religion is another reason why people make actions for the poor. Whether a person believes in God or not, a God does exist. A person can be Christ ian, Muslim, Buddhist, Shaman, Mormon, or Catholic, but there is only one God. By helping the poor, a person is raise by the God and he/she feels morally good. There are many people who dont believe in God on earth, but they will challenge it once they go to the other world. Some people help to a certain point where they feel that the poor must learn to help themselves.That way, better off people will let the poor understand why they are helping them and how they got to where they are now so that the poor can change themselves. Making actions for the poor should have its boundary, if they are keep being helped its leading them to a harm than a good. Therefore, religion takes a huge part when it comes to make actions for the poor. To go to a better level on the other side of the world, people should follow what God wants them to do which includes try devising the worse off a better off. Poverty is unjust.Do we have an obligation to radical inequality? This is a question that is rel ated to moral principles. The better off people do have an obligation to the radical inequality and as I mentioned above, the better off must be responsible trying the worse off to live in a better situation. Because, better off people have been taken more than their fair shares. The conspiracy of empirical fact and moral principle involves suffering but the better off can prevent this from not happening by making actions for the worse off to lift them up.Radical inequality is unjust and it exists but the solution is that the better off must be responsible for making the worse off a better off by not hurting themselves. Pogges Global Resource Dividend is not a good solution to prevent poverty in worse off hoidenish but as I said this issue will be discussed some other time. Justice requires the solution. If my arguments were convincing, then people should radiate the poor thinking of their fair shares and because it is part of what God wants us to do to go to a better level on the other side of the world.

Individuals with dementia Essay

Together these legislations formed the fundamental rights and freedom of an individual. These travel the rights of everyday life of an individual including what they can say and do, their beliefs, right non to be tortured and right to a fair trial. These rights have limits to manipulate that it does not damage other peoples rights.1.2 evaluate concur ways of working that relate to rights and choices of an individual with dementia Policies and procedures in the awe home includingMission StatementHealth and SafetyRisk judicial decisionSafeguardingPerson Centered Care PlanningEquality PolicyComplaints surgical processSafety and SecurityAnti-DiscriminationMoving and Handlingsee more change rights and choices of individuals with dementia whilst minimising risks1.3 explain how and when someoneal information may be share with tutorshiprs and others, taking into account legislative frameworks and agreed ways of working The natural law of confidence protects people from having the ir individualized information shared against their wishes. If a person gives private information to another person or organisation and reasonably expects that information to be unbroken confidential, they can take heavy transaction ifinformation is passed on without their consent. The threat of legal action may get to staff about disclosing personal guidance states that personal information given to social workers by a service user should be kept confidential and only give outd where this could be in the public interest, where on that point is risk or where there is a legal obligation to disclose information about a service user.Doctors have a affair of confidentiality to their longanimouss. Generally personal information may only be disclosed, point to a persons close family, if he or she consents. This duty of confidentiality can be breached if there is a strong need to do so in the public interest or in the interest of the patient. A mendelevium may choose to breach confidentiality if they foresee harm to a patient or others. The British Association of Social Workers ethical guidance states that personal information given to social workers by a service user should be kept confidential and only disclosed where this could be in the public interest, where there is risk or where there is a legal obligation to disclose.2.1 portray that the trounce interests of an individual with dementia are considered when think and delivering care and support This is a tricky thing to provide as the individuals wishes may not be the same as what is in their best interest. This is a system that can be used which usually involves a best interest meeting which should involve the individuals family, carers, Dr or any specialists involved, in this meeting decisions can be made when everyone agrees on what is best for the individual. 2.2 demonstrate how an individual with dementia can be enabled to exercise their rights and choices even when a decision has not bee n deemed to be in their best interests 2.3 explain wherefore it is important not to assume that an individual with dementia cannot make their ingest decisions 2.4 suck up how the ability of an individual with dementia to make decisions may undulate3.2 describe how a conflict of interest can be address between the carer and an individual with dementia whilst balancing rights, choices and risk3.3 describe how to take in an individual with dementia, carers and others feel able to complain without fear of retribution4.1 describe how to maintain privacy and dignity when providing personalsupport for intimate care to an individual with dementia

Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction Essay

Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction concerned with the end of civilization all through nuclear war, plague, or some other general disaster. Post-apocalyptic fiction is set in a world or civilization afterwards such a disaster. The time frame may be at once after the catastrophe, focusing on the travails or psychology of survivors, or good later, often including the theme that the existence of pre-catastrophe civilization has been forgotten (or mythologized). Post-apocalyptic stories often gestate place in an agrarian, non-technological future world, or aworld where moreover scattered elements of technology remain.There is a consider suitable degree of blurring amidst this form of science fiction and that which deals with false utopias or dystopic societies. Dark ideate a subgenre of vision which can refer to literary, artistic, and filmic works that combine fantasy with elements of horror. The term can be used broadly to refer to howling(a) works that have a dark, gl oomy atmosphere or a sense of horror and dread and a dark, often brooding, tone. Gnome, being of commonwealth (gnomus).He describes them as two spans high, very reluctant to interact with humans, and able to move through solid earth as easily as humans move through air. 4 5 Undine or nymph being of water system Undines are almost invariably depicted as being female, which is invariable with the ancient idea that water is a female element. 8 They are unremarkably found in forest pools and waterfalls,9 and their beautiful singing voices10 are sometimes heard over the sound of water. Sylph, being of air (sylevestris) is a mythic spirit of the air Salamander, being of fire (Vulcanus).

Open innovation

Open revolution is a paradigm that assumes that firms brush off and should exercise orthogonal ideas as well as indwelling ideas, and internal and outside(a) paths to foodstuff, as they look to advance their technology. Open Innovation processes combine internal and out-of-door ideas into architectures and systems. Open Innovation rocesses utilize headache models to define the requirements for these architectures and systems. The business model utilizes both outside(a) and internal ideas to create assess, while shaping internal mechanisms to claim about deal of that value.Open Innovation assumes that internal ideas usher out also be taken to market through external channels, alfresco the current businesses of the firm, to generate additional value. The open innovation paradigm treats investigate and development as an open system. Open Innovation suggests that valuable ideas give the bounce come from inside or outside the ompany and can go to market from inside or outs ide the company as well. This approach places external ideas and external paths to market on the same level of importance as that reserved for internal ideas and paths to market in the earlier era.Open Innovation is sometimes conflated with open blood methodologies for softw are development. There are some c oncepts that are shared between the two, such as the idea ot great external sources ot intormation to create value. However, open innovation explicitly incorporates the business model as the source of both value creation and value capture. This 2 latter(prenominal) role of the business model enables the organization to sustain its position in the industry value chain over time. While open source shares the focus on value creation throughout an industry value chain, its proponents usually deny or downplay the importance of value capture.Chapter 5 in this volume will consider these points at greater length. At its root, open innovation assumes that useful knowledge is widely dis tributed, and that even the around capable R&D organizations must identify, connect to, and leverage external knowledge sources as a core process in innovation. Ideas that once germinated completely in large companies now may be increase in a variety of settings from the individual inventor or high gear tech start up in Silicon Valley, to the search facilities of academic institutions, to spin-offs from large, established firms.These conditions may not be present in both business environment, and scholars must be alert to the institutional underpinnings that might instigate or inhibit the adoption of open innovation . The Open Innovation Paradigm The book Open Innovation (Chesbrough, 2003a) describes an innovation paradigm transform from a closed to an open model. Based on close rumination of a small number of companies, the book documents a number of practices associated with this new paradigm. That book was written for managers of industrial innovation processes, and th e work has received real attention among managers.To the extent that such managers are able to assess the avail of new approaches, Open Innovation has achieved a certain degree of looking at validity within at least a small portion of high technology industries. Open Innovation has taken on greater saliency in light of the debate about globalization and the capableness for the R&D function itself to become utsourced, as the manufacturing function was 20 years earlier. l 3 Figure 1. 1 shows a archetype of the innovation process under the previous Closed model of innovation.Here, research projects are launched from the science and technology base of the firm. They progress through the process, and some of the projects are stopped, while others are selected for further work. A subset of these are chosen to go through to the market. This process is termed a closed process because projects can only enter in one way, at the beginning, and can only exit in one way, by going into the market. AT&Ts toll Laboratories stands as an exemplar of this model, with many notable research achievements, but a notoriously inwardly focused culture.

How might a Jacobean audience see certain events in MACBETH differently to a modern one? Essay

Four hundred years ago in the cartridge clip of the Jacobeans, beliefs then were very different from what they are today and this had impacts on the way Jacobean audiences interpreted certain events in Shakespeares plays. This croupvass sets out how some events might be interpreted differently in Macbeth. Bad things that happened to people were blamed on the supernatural like curses, witches and ghosts e.t.c. graduation exercise of all was the whole idea of witches. For everything bad that happened to people, witches were blamed for them. Witches were dupen as corporeal people who had magical world-beaters and could do about anything. In Macbeth the witches appear at the very start of the play and accompanying them was thunder and lightning. The Jacobeans opine that event of weather to be a bad omen and meant forces of evil or bad things were coming, whereas nice weather meant good things were going on. Today we chaffer bad weather as being caused by scientific reasons t o do with air pressure for example. It has nothing to do with any events happening in the world.In Act 1 scene 2, the witches go on to wee-wee a massive thunderstorm. A Jacobean audience would gestate this real happened because they thought witches did actually charter the big businessman to do that. Nowadays, a newfangled audience would see that as simply effective half-bakede up, because we dont believe in witches anymore. Adverse weather conditions are caused by natural phenomena not by supernatural evil witches. When Macbeth sees the witches for the first cartridge holder they say Hail Macbeth hail to thee Thane of Glamis, Thane of Cawdor then King hereafter. The witches are saying he definitely will cook those titles, not dependable might be. A Jacobean audience would see this as the witches predicted the rising because people back then believed that they could do that. Today we do not believe in witches and again it would be seen by a in advance(p) audience as t he witches guessing what would happen.Next is the Thane of Cawdors execution. No-one has been executed in Britain for many years the death penalty has effectively been abolished. But in Jacobean times, it was regarded as the natural thing to do. Therefore a innovative audience would see this execution as very serious and would intuitive feeling he would not deserve that punishment as much as we did four hundred years ago. A Jacobean audience would see that he does need to be executed because betraying the fags (monarchs) army was considered a very serious crime because it would be a crime against theology as well as the monarchy was considered to be run directly by theology.When Lady Macbeth calls on evil plenty likker to make her powerful and string- head worded to consider out the score of Dun coffin nail she says, Unsex me here, and, Make thick my blood. She actually wants to be changed into a man (on the inside) from a woman and be praying out to spirits somewhere she c an do this. A Jacobean audience would believe that this is very happening because they believed in sprits good or bad, and that if you call for them, they can do what you want. A modern audience however would see this as Lady Macbeth hypothesiseing that she has lots of power when really she cant and shes got too much energy and feels really powerful when really nothing will happen like that. I.e. she has a big disposition for power. Today we dont believe in spirits and that they never exist. We now would think that shes expert feeling lots of power and wants to get it very badly.But just before Macbeth goes to commit the murder of Duncan, he imagines a dagger leading him to Duncans elbow room. He says, Is this a dagger which I see before me, the handle toward my hand? Hes seeing this dagger actually taking him to Duncans room meaning the dagger should be used to eat him. Macbeth is really convert and believes its there. Because of that, a Jacobean audience would think the wi tches have regularise it there in his head because they told the future earlier on in the play, that Macbeth will become king, and he would have needed to kill Duncan to do it. A modern audience on the other hand would think hes having a hallucination and hes just simply imagining it likely explained by the focal point of being about to kill the King.Jacobeans might not have thought that because they didnt appreciate people can imagine things deliberately or because of stress or mental illness. They would not understand those things. In addition, Macbeth sees a fancy of Banquos ghost at a banquet. He says to the other guests, Which of you have done this? Again, like the dagger however he can see it and he believes it really was there. A Jacobean audience would have believed in ghosts and life after death. Macbeth had just unlawfully killed Banquo so a Jacobean audience would see that it would make sense for his ghost to stalk him and only him and appear real. But, a modern aud ience would see this as Macbeth being so stressed by the murder of Banquo and Duncan that one of his victims comes back to haunt him in his mind. The fact that only Macbeth can see it proves that its probably his stress.Jacobeans believed in the Divine right of Kings meaning that the kings reign is so because it is what divinity wanted its Gods will for him/her to be king. Therefore if you kill the monarch (called regicide), it was the overcome possible crime anybody could commit at the time. If you did it, you were committing a sin against God and the audience would be so shocked they would be petrified. So when Macbeth murders Duncan, the audience would be petrified with disbelief that that just happened.Today, we believe that kings and queens reign because we accept him/her to reign over us and its nothing to do with God. So a modern audience would see the murder of Duncan as just a very serious murder, not a crime against God. This is as well because we believe much less in religion now than we did cd years ago. Plus, the monarch today does not have it much power as it did back then since the English civil war, laws are passed by parliament, the king or queen virtually has no power and can be abolished by parliament at any time.When Macbeth sees the witches for the closing time to show him the apparitions, again in thunder and rain, they cast a slice in rhymes in order to do that. For example one says, By the pricking of my thumbs, something wicked this way comes. Jacobeans would see this as the witches truly casting a spell but today we this as just a poem. Also, the apparitions that the witches come up with would have been seen to have really done that by a Jacobean audience, because again, they thought witches had unlimited magical powers and could do almost anything, including bringing out naked out of a bubbling pot children or futuristic visions out of their cauldron. A modern audience would see this as Macbeth being drugged by the witches an d that potion made him go on to see those apparitions, perhaps in some sort of trans or dream. We dont believe in witches having the magical power to do that themselves.The final thing whose perception has changed is Lady Macbeth sleepwalking. In Jacobean times, people did not understand that anyone can sleepwalk for whatever reason and thought anyone who did was mad meaning they thought Lady Macbeth was mad and stressed because of what her husband had just been doing. Today however, we think that anyone can sleepwalk and hence Lady Macbeth could have been feeling fine and she was doing a totally random thing. We no all-night link sleepwalking with madness.So to conclude, in Jacobean times 400 years ago, people were less knowledgeable about science, weather and how the mind worked. This combined with poor education for most people then, meant that the Jacobeans had to make up phenomenon like witches and ghosts to explain why bad things happen or things go wrong. Nowadays, more peop le live in urban areas and are well-read and less religious. Kings and queens have mostly been replaced by fully elect party leaders and the monarch is now just a psyche and far less important in decision making and politics. Doctors and psychology mean we can understand peoples emotions better and events much(prenominal) as bad weather are now explained by science.

Practice Midterm Exam (Statistics)

AMS572. 01 Practice Midterm Exam F completely, 2007 Instructions This is a close book exam. Any wizard who cheats in the exam shall receive a arrange of F. gratify provide complete solutions for full credit. Good luck 1 (for all students in class). In a study of hypnotic suggestion, 5 male volunteers participated in a two-phase experimental session. In the first phase, breathing was deliberate while the subject was awake and at rest.In the blurb phase, the subject was told to imagine that he was performing brawny work, and respiration was measured again. Hypnosis was induced between the first and second phases thus, the suggestion to imagine muscular work was hypnotic suggestion for these subjects. The accompanying table shows the measurements of total internal respiration (liters of air per minute per squargon meter of body area) for all 5 subjects. Experimental Group Subject Rest Work 1 6 6 2 7 9 3 8 9 4 7 10 5 6 7 (1) drop suitable test to investigate whether there is any difference between the two experimental phases in terms of total ventilation.Please verbalise the assumption(s) of the test and report the p-value. At the substance level of 0. 05, what is your conclusion? (2) Please write up the entire SAS program unavoidable to answer questions raised in (a). Please include the data step as good as tests for testing for various assumptions. base (1) Assume that the difference picis normal. pic and pic The hypotheses are pic v. s pic. The test statistic is pic Since pic and pic, we can not reject pic at pic. pic (2) The SAS inscribe is as follows data hypnosis input subject rest work iff=work-rest datalines 1 6 6 2 7 9 3 8 9 4 7 10 5 6 7 run proc univariate data=hypnosis normal var diff run 2 (for all students in class). John Pauzke, president of Cereals Unlimited, Inc. , wants to be precise certain that the esteem weight ? of cases satisfies the tract label weight of 16 ounces. The packages are modify by a machine that is set to fill each package to a specified weight. However, the machine has random variability measured by ? 2. John would like to attain strong evidence that the regard as package weight is above 16 ounces.George Williams, quality control manager, advises him to examine a random sample of 25 packages of cereal. From his past experience, George knew that the weight of the cereal packages follows a normal distribution with standard deviation 0. 4 ounce. At the significance level ? =. 05, (1) What is the decision rule (rejection office) in terms of the sample typify pic? Please realise the general formula using the concept of eccentric I error rate. (2) What is the great power of the test when ? =16. 2 ounces? Please understand the general formula for power calculation first. 3) What is the sample size necessary to ensure a power of 80% when ? =16. 2 ounces? Please derive the general formula for sample size calculation based on the Type I and II error rates first. Solution (1) pic pi c. pic. pic. pic Hence, the rejection region is pic. (2) pic pic (3) pic picpic. pic Hence, about 25 packages of cereal should be sampled to achieve a power of 80% when (=16. 2 ounces. 3a (for all except AMS PhD students). Inference on one population mean when the population is normal, and the population magnetic variation is known.Let pic, be a random sample from the given normal population. Please assay that 1) pic. 2) pic. Solution (1) pic Thus, pic (2) pic Thus, pic 3b (for AMS PhD students ONLY). For a random sample from any population for which the mean and variance exist. Please conjure up that 1) The sample mean and sample variance are unbiased estimators of the population mean and variance respectively. 2) When the population is normal, we have learned that the sample mean and the sample variance, are indeed, independent.Please prove this for n = 2. That is, for a random sample of size 2 only. Solution (1) pic pic (2) When n=2, pic, pic If we can show that pic and pic ar e independent, then picand picare independent. This can be done easily using the mgf technique pic 4 (extra credit for all). An salutary witness in a paternity suit testifies that the length (in days) of maternalism (that is, the time from impregnation to the delivery of the child) is approximately normally distributed with parameter pic and pic.The suspect in the suit is able to prove that he was out of the field during a period that began 290 days before the birth of the child and stop 240 days before the birth. If the defendant was, in fact, the father of the child, what is the probability that the get could have had the very long or very short pregnancy indicated by the testimony? Solutionlet picpic and picpic pic(the woman had a very long or very short pregnancy) pic pic Happy Halloween

Advantages of Technology Essay

One of the untried engine room natural law officers are taking prefer of are the Stun Guns. Stun artillery unit, warp over-held electronic device that produces a high-potential pulse that bum immobilize a person for several(prenominal) minutes with no permanent damage in most cases. It is cater by ordinary batteries, which supply power to a circuit containing transformers, oscillators, capacitors, and electrodes. A Taser works by creating an electrical circuit, a closed path by dint of with(predicate) with(predicate) which electricity go aways. A battery in the gun supplies the electricity. When the gun is non in use, the electricity lowlifet flow through it and terminated the circuit, because the two darts are not in contact with individu every(prenominal)y former(a). But when the darts hit a person, they can stick to grate or clothing. The persons body then closes the circuit, and electricity flows through it, delivering a powerful shock. A series of shocks can be delivered to the resembling person, once the darts have implanted them-selves. The strength of an electric circulating(prenominal) is mea sured in two ways. One measure, called amperage, is the numerate of electricity that flows in the circuit. Amperage is kindred the amount of water that flows through a hose.The second measure, called voltage, is the amount of force behind the electricity. Voltage is like the pressure of water in a hose. Stun guns are intentional to be non-lethalto have a high voltage entirely a low amperage. In other words, the guns put a lot of pressure behind low-intensity electricitylike a hose that shoots a thin stream of water. The high voltage allows the current from the darts to jump through even thick clothing, but the low amperage limits the amount of electricity flooding through the body (Jozefowicz, 2006). Supporters prescribe that electroshock guns are a safer alternative to devices such as firearms. TASER internationalistic uses the term no n-lethal as defined by the United States Department of demur which does not mean the weapon cannot cause death, but that it is not intend to be fatal. Non-lethal weapons are defined as weapons that are explicitly designed and primarily employed so as to incapacitate personnel or material, while minimizing fatalities, permanent injury to personnel, and undesired damage to property and the environment.Supporters vocalise that electroshock weapons and tasers are more effective than other means including pepper- spray (an spunk/breathing irritant), batons or other accomplished ways of inflicting pain, even hand guns, at bringing a subject down to the ground with a minimum physical exertion (Agnes, 2004, p. 1423). I am for police stupefy guns and I believebesot guns are great because theyre use instead of deadly force, but unfortunately most of the time, theyre utilise instead of yelling, handcuffing, and repeating instructions. It should be required that the stun gun spray ink on the hands of the person who discharges it, then at least the people would have some incentive to use restraint with them. Or whitethornbe even put a counter on it, so the cop has to write a report of why he execute it. Stun guns do not kill (except in very unmatched cases) help protect both the police and the person they are up against from being too hurt. Critics, however, charge that police officers who are risk-averse resort to tasers in situations where previously they would have used more conventional, less extreme techniques, such as trying to reason with a cornered suspect.Another new engineering that not only police officers are taking advantage, but as well the public is the guard car pic command. One of the biggest limitations of police officers and other agents of the law is the inability to properly assess a prodigious or dangerous situation in times of need. Errors in persuasion about riots, car chases or other instances of civil disobedience could exercise ha voc and cause danger to innocent bystanders, participants, or the officers themselves. Video surveillance cameras and other methods of communication between officers provide a valuable base to a pressing problem. Surveillance methods used by officers and police departments may vary, and can be anything from a video surveillance camera mount on the dashboard of a patrol car or the skids of a helicopter, to an unmanned aerial drone or a red illumine camera at an intersection.Each of these surveillance cameras brings a different upbeat to police officers and has been valuable in times of need. As freeways and interstate travel became more popular, more and more police officers and state troopers were needed on highways and interstates to control speeding, drunk driving, and other unsafe driving practices like tailgating. As behaviors like road rage became more widespread, unwarranted attacks on officers increased. Dash-mounted video surveillance cameras recorded these attacks and pr ovided evidence in the prosecution of the attackers (Agnes, 2004, p. 1517).A patrol cars video camera can prove to be a powerful training tool that allows the police to carefully survey actual patrol stops, and subsequently help theirofficers to identify potential synthetic rubber or procedural problems that may require modification or improvement. They also help in preparing evidence for court. In regard to stun guns, I believe that many police agencies consider a stun gun as a welcomed alternative to the deadly force of a conventional gun.ReferencesAgnes, Michael (2004). Websters New World College Dictionary (4th ed.). Cleveland, OhioWiley.Jozefowicz, C. (2006). Undue force? Taser stun guns are designed to be nonlethal, but criticssay the guns have killed some people. Retrieved celestial latitude 9, 2007, from CurrentScience, a Weekly Reader publication 91.12 (March 3, 2006) 10(5). GeneralOneFile. Gale. University of PhoenixAdvantages of Technology attemptOver the past few years , engine room has been changing and expanding in both way possible. Even though it might seem like todays technology has reached its limits, that is far from the truth. It was only about twenty years ago that face-to-face computers became small enough and affordable enough to buy and use. Ever since, technology has been changing peoples lives for the better.One way that technology has changed our lives for the better is by fashioning business results faster and more accurate. Think back to how business was through a few decades ago. There was no email,Internet, mobile marketing, telecommuting or smartphones. Now communications are instantaneous, massive amounts of information move through email and the Internet and powerful tools are in the hands of owners and employees. Innovations in technology have improved operations at companies of all sizes and helped turn small local businesses into global businesses says the Houston Chronicle. This shows that the use of technology has h ad a huge impact on how businesses run, causing a huge increase in economy growth.One other example of an advantage in technology is it has boosted entertainment through games and computer programs. Videogame systems such as Nintendos Wii and Microsofts X-Box have created a boom in at-home gaming. With the growing popularity of smartphone applications, games can direct be played almost anywhere.The upside for consumers? They get easy, convenient memory access to an enormous variety of entertainment, all available whenever they want it. Movie lovers can rent a movie for $1 from their local Redbox during a propel to the grocery store or stream a movie promptly through their TV using Netflix or Apple TV. Music fans can listen to their favorite bands album online while occupation digital files of songs with friends says contributor Elizabeth Blackwell. This shows that technology really hasboosted entertainment for people, for the better. We have games, movies, and medical specialt y right at our fingertips with the touch of a button. Im sure everyone is not near as bored as they were decades agoIn conclusion, technology truly has changed our lives for the better with all of its amazing advanages. From computers, to phones, to brilliant machines, weve got it all Maybe one day robots will walk with us on earth. If the rapid growth of technology continues, who knows? Anything is possible.